Systemic drug

Drugs Central nervous system drugs - Anesthetic gases... 

Neubig, R. R., and Siderovski, D. P. (2002). Regulators of G-protein signaling as new central nervous system drug targets. Nature Rev. Drug Disc. 1 187—196. 

D Diarrhea related to adverse reactions ot magnesium- or sodium-containing antadds or other digestive system drugs... 

The differential diagnosis for PIH includes the following fixed drug eruption, systemic drug-induced hyperpigmentation, macular amyloid, ashy dermatosis, melasma, and tinea versicolor. Medications such as tetracyclines, antimalarial drugs, arsenic, bleomycin, and doxorubicin can result in hyperpigmentation of the skin. 

Apart from dopamine many NTs such as glutamate, GABA, various peptides, adenosine and ACh are all involved in striatal function but their wide distribution in the CNS makes it difficult to restrict any manipulation of their activity to the striatum after systemic drug administration. 

D. A., Scott, D. O. Relationship between exposure and nonspecific binding of thirty-three central nervous system drugs in mice. Drug Metab. Dispos. 2005, 33, 175-181. 

Some type of input on systemic drug levels... 

The major routes of parenteral administration of drugs are subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous. Other more specialized routes are intrathecal, in-tracistemal, intra-arterial, intraspinal, intraepidural, and intradermal. The intradermal route is not typically used to achieve systemic drug effects. The major routes will be discussed separately. Definitions of the more specialized routes, along with additional information concerning needle sizes, volumes typically administered, formulation constraints, and types of medication administered, are summarized in Table 1. 

Fig. 8 Representation of a bioerodible matrix system. Drug is dispersed in the matrix before release at time = 0. At time = t, partial release by drug diffusion or matrix erosion has occurred.

To use liposomes as delivery systems, drug is added during the formation process. Flydrophilic compounds usually reside in the aqueous portion of the vesicle, whereas hydrophobic species tend to remain in the lipid proteins. The physical characteristics and stability of lipsomal preparations depend on pH, ionic strength, the presence of divalent cations, and the nature of the phospholipids and additives used [45 47],... 

Fig. 13 Diagrammatic representation of two types of antibody-targeted systems. Drug is either covalently linked directly to the antibody or is contained in liposomes that are targeted by attached antibodies.

C. T. Rhodes, Determination of micro-pH in solid drug delivery systems, Drug Dev. Indust. Pharm, 25, 1221... 

Nasal Systemic Drug Delivery, Yie W. Chien, Kenneth S. E. Su, and Shyi-Feu Chang... 

SC Chang, H Bundgaard, A Buur, VHL Lee. (1987). Improved corneal penetration of timolol by prodrugs as a means to reduce systemic drug load. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 28 487-491. 

NFH Ho, HP Merkle, WI Higuchi. Quantitative, mechanistic and physiologically realistic approach to the biopharmaceutical design of oral drug delivery systems. Drug Deliv Ind Pharm 9 1111-1184, 1983. 

Cytochrome P450 System - Drug-metabolizing Enzymes... 

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