Synthetic polymer fibres polymer

Composites are made up of individual materials these are referred to as constituent materials. The purpose of a composite is to create a material that combines its constituent parts in some beneficial way. The two main categories of constituent materials are the matrix and the reinforcement. The synthetic matrix materials are either thermoplastic or thermosetting resins. These polymers bind the reinforcement together and determine the physical in-service properties of the composite material. Polymers can also act as reinforcing material in composites Kevlar for instance, is a synthetic polymer fibre that is very strong and imparts toughness to a composite. 

As a result of the manufacturing process, the molecules of synthetic polymer fibres are more or less oriented along the axis of the fibre. The degree of orientation affects the physical properties of the fibres. Just as in the case of drawn... 

Understanding the behaviour of synthetic polymer fibres during spinning... 

Gel spinning of synthetic polymer fibres 101 Table 5.1 A comparison of fibre strength and modulus... 

Bi-component and bi-constituent spinning of synthetic polymer fibres... 

Synthetic (polymer) fibres are increasingly being used for the reinforcement of cementitious materials. Some fibres, such as polypropylene, are used very extensively, and many fibres are available that have been formulated and produced specifical ly for rei nforcement of mortars and concretes. The properties of synthetic fibres vary widely with respect to strength and modulus of elasticity, as shown for some common fibres in Table 10.1. 

The physical and chemical properties of a yam are largely those of the fibres or filaments making up the yam. In addition to the natural fibres (mainly cotton, but with some wool and silk), and a small, but growing, number of inorganic fibres, the bulk of filter fabrics is based upon an increasingly wide range of synthetic polymer fibres. The physical and chemical properties can then be tailored to the filtration application by choosing the appropriate polymer for the fibre. 

W. Beckmann, in D. M. Nunn, ed.. The Dyeing of Synthetic Polymer and Acetate Fibres, Dyers Company PubHcations Tmst, London, 1979, Chapt. 5. 

In addition to plastics materials, many fibres, surface coatings and rubbers are also basically high polymers, whilst in nature itself there is an abundance of polymeric material. Proteins, cellulose, starch, lignin and natural rubber are high polymers. The detailed structures of these materials are complex and highly sophisticated in comparison the synthetic polymers produced by man are crude in the quality of their molecular architecture. 

HILL. R. (Ed), Fibres from Synthetic Polymers, Elsevier, London (1953)... 

The reinforcing filler usually takes the form of fibres but particles (for example glass spheres) are also used. A wide range of amorphous and crystalline materials can be used as reinforcing fibres. These include glass, carbon, boron, and silica. In recent years, fibres have been produced from synthetic polymers-for example, Kevlar fibres (from aromatic polyamides) and PET fibres. The stress-strain behaviour of some typical fibres is shown in Fig. 3.2. 

The dyeing of synthetic-polymer and acetate fibres, Ed. D M Nunn (Bradford SDC, 1979). 

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