Syngas platform

Type of main intermediates produced syngas platform biorefineries, sugar platform biorefineries. 

Syngas platform biorefinery for Fischer—Tropsch (FT) diesel and phenols from straw... 

Lignocellulosic Feedstock Biorefinery 10- Syngas Platform Biorefinery (Thermochemical Biorefinery)... 

Laboratory (USA), which includes a sugar platform and a syngas platform. 

Addressing technical and nontechnical challenges is required now in order to develop mature gasification technology, which will allow the deployment of syngas platform biorefining and production of sustainable hydrogen, biofuels, and chemicals from biomass to be a reality. 

New platforms Methanex is seeking new diversification opportunities. To date the main thrust has been towards developing syngas technology for specialty products, and alliances have been formed with Synetix and ABB Tummus Global to exploit this. 

Platforms are defined as key intermediates between raw material and final products. They are considered as particularly relevant as these can be used to link different biorefinery concepts. Typical platforms are sugars (Cg and/or C5), lignin, syngas, or pyrolysis oils. 

Kopke M, Held C, Hujer S, Liesegang H, Wiezer A, Wollherr A, Ehrenreich A, Liebel W, GottschaUc G, Durre P. (2010) Clostridium ljungdahlii represents a microbial production platform based on syngas. Proc Natl Acad SciU S A, 107, 13087-13092. 

Methane is a stable molecule and can typically be activated only at HT, e.g., above 650 °C in the steam reforming process. Recently, however. Spinner and Mustain (2012, 2013) have reported that methane could conceivably be activated in a room temperature carbonate fuel cell based on an AEM, and a novel catalyst that could produce the carbonate ion from O2 and CO2 at the cathode (Figure 15.33). The carbonate ion diffuses through the AEM and partially oxidizes methane at a NiO—Z1O2 composite anode catalyst to produce oxygenates such as formaldehyde and methanol with syngas. Such LT methane activation, if feasible, could allow the selective production of platform chemicals, rather than syngas, directly from natural gas. 

Primary and secondary alcohols widely occur in natural products, and they are therefore challenging sources of biomass-derived platform molecules [43]. Olsen and Madsen [44] disclosed that by using a homogeneous iridium catalyst, primary alcohols can be converted into syngas. Exemplarily, 1.0 mmol of 2-naphthylmethanol was treated with a phosphine-modified iridium complex at enhanced temperature (Scheme 3.20). The time-dependent gas formation is shown below. It indicates that 42.4 ml gaseous compounds were formed, which corresponds to about 1.8 mmol. 

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