Synergetics laws

The sizes interval of the used metal oxides particles (220-700 nm) allows to attribute them to a nanoparticles type (at any rate, formally) and to use for their description nanoparticles synergetics laws. Ivanova [29] introduced atom stractural stability measure and showed, that this parameter was in periodical dependence on the atom mass M while adaptability threshold of atom structure 4 with M increase corresponds to the condition [29] ... 

In Fig. 15.8, the dependences of and nanoclusters radius on T are adduced, where was determined according to the Eq. (15.4) and the value was calculated according to the Eq. (4.64). As it follows from the data of Fig. 15.8, the values and r, agree within the whole studied temperatures range. Let us note, that if in Ref [23] the value = 2.61, then for PC the indicated above agreement was obtained at = 1.19 and 1.06. This distinction confirms the thesis about distinction of synergetics laws in reference to... 

It is natural to suppose that in tests on microhardness the loosely packed matrix responds first of all on the indentor microforcing and in conformity with the deformable body synergetics laws [33] formation of localized strongly non-equilibrium areas occurs, where extra energy is accumulated. The dimension of these areas is determined according to Equation 5.65. 

A variety of processes for external diffusion (diffusion of gas at the border and the large pores) belong to the law of free diffusion. Therefore, the rate has nothing to do with pressure. However, increasing the total gas pressure will reduce the diffusion coefficient of water vapor, resulting in the increase of partial pressure of water vapor and residence time in micro-pore of catalyst, which may lead to the repeated redox of a-Fe crystallite, decreasing the activity of the catalyst. Therefore, the choice of pressure depends on the other synergetic conditions. ... 

The electrochemical approach presented here has many limitations. First of all, the kinetics of the electrochemical reactions are closely dependent on the cyclic plasticity and the number of cycles [9,10]. Thus, predictive laws are very complex. Moreover, these laws use the local current densities, which are very difficult to model. Finally, this approach does not really take into account the local corrosion-deformation interactions (GDIs) and the effects of the corrosive solution on the deformation mode. Indeed, such synergetic effects between corrosion and deformation can be of prime importance the following examples emphasize the role of GDI in crack initiation processes. 

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