Symptomatic exposure, effects

A. Specific ieveis. In acute symptomatic exposures, toluene or xylene may be detectable in blood drawn with a gas-tight syringe, but usually only for a few hours. The metabolites hippuric acid, ortho-cresol (toluene), and methylhip-puric acid (xylene) are excreted in the urine and can be used to document exposure, but urine levels do not correlate with systemic effects. 

Rummo JH, Routh DK, Rummo NJ, et al. 1979. Behavioral and neurological effects of symptomatic and asymptomatic lead exposure in children. Arch Environ Health 34 120-125. 

Field First Aid Evacuate the Hot Zone at once when there is any release of arsine consider any victims who may have inhaled arsine to have suffered a potentially toxic dose. Although small amounts of arsine can be trapped in the victim s clothing or hair, these quantities are not likely to cause a danger for first response personnel outside the Hot Zone. Toxic effects could be delayed for up to two to twenty-four hours after exposure arsine exposure victims should all be evaluated at a medical facility. There is no specific antidote for arsine treatment is symptomatic and consists of actions to support respiratory, vascular, and renal functions. 

Complete symptomatic recovery usually occurs within a week increased susceptibility to the effects of anticholinesterase agents persists for up to several weeks after exposure. Daily exposure to concentrations that are insufficient to produce symptoms after a single exposure may result in the onset of symptoms. Continued daily exposure may be followed by increasingly severe effects. 

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