Sweat, analysis

Maintenance of the systems is crucial to proper operation electrodes and reaction vials or chambers must be kept scrupulously clean and the proper shape and size of the Ag" -generating electrodes must be maintained. Only 12 of 5400 laboratories reported in the 2003 CAP survey reported CP results using coulometry However, some laboratories still maintain these instruments as backups and for sweat analysis,... 

An important part of a quality assurance plan includes the external validation of sweat analysis accuracy through participation in proficiency testing. The CAP offers a proficiency testing program consisting of six specimens per year. Participants receive feedback concerning their performance on these specimens relative to others in their peer group. 

Curto, V.F., Coyle, S., Byrne, R., Angelov, N., Diamond, D., Benito Lopez, F., December 2012. Concept and development of an autonomous wearable micro-fluidic platform for real time pH sweat analysis. Sensors and Actuators B 175, 263—270. http //dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.snb.2012.02.010. 

Within the biomedical field, the application of chloride ion-selective electrodes has largely been devoted to sweat analysis in relation to cystic fibrosis screening and diagnosis [159,251—271]. The disease, in which there is a malfunction of exocrine glands, can be readily diagnosed from the elevated chloride ion levels in patients sweat ( 100 mmol dm" ) compared with a normal ( 25 mmol dm ). Reasonably accurate monitoring of newborns, infants and children may... 

Considerable progress has been made on several of these fundamental aspects of sweat analysis. For example, satisfactory stimulation of sweating is achieved with 500 mmol dm" pilocarpine nitrate in the iontophoresis stage using 1 mA current for 3 min, while a new pad to absorb acid and alkaline skin irritants is so satisfactory that a baby asleep at the start of a test will usually remain asleep throughout [265]. 

Figure 11.2 Wearable label for sweat analysis. Image source www.plusplasticelectronics.com...

Solid state electrodes where the membrane can consist of an active substance which gives the membrane its specificity, e.g. AgQ for chloride measurement (used in sweat analysis) and AgBr for bromide measurement. 

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