Surfactants for stabilization

Figure 7 Ambidextrous surfactant for stabilization of latexes in CO2 or water tails C02-philic stabilizer segments solid circles, anchor group open circles, an ionizable group. (From Ref. 18.)...

This chapter, will begin with a brief description of polymeric surfactants and their solution properties, followed by a description of the fundamental principles of using polymeric surfactants for stabilization of emulsions (as well as suspensions), starting with a section on the adsorption and conformation of these molecules at the interface. This is followed by a section on stabilization of dispersions by polymeric surfactants. Particular... 

The design and synthesis of low-cost, green and low toxic effective CO2-S0I-uble surfactants represents a major challenge and draws attention from research groups around the world [25], So far, several fluorocarbon [26-29], sihcone [30,31], phosphate fluoro surfactants [32-34], and a series of fluorinated analogs of AOT [35-37], are shown to be effective surfactants for stabilizing water droplets in SCCO2 [38],... 

This section, which is by no means exhaustive, will deal with the following topics (i) Surfactants used in cosmetic formulations, (il) Interaction forces between particles or droplets in a dispersion and their combination, (iil) Description of stability in terms of the interaction forces, (iv) Self-assembly structures and their role in stabilization, skin feel, moisturization and delivery of actives, (v) Use of polymeric surfactants for stabilization of nanoemulsions, multiple emulsions, liposomes and vesicles. 

Steric repulsion results from the presence of adsorbed layers of surfactants and/or polymers. The use of natural and synthetic polymers (referred to as polymeric surfactants) for stabilization of suspension concentrates and emulsions (EW s) plays an important role in agrochemical formulations. Polymers are particularly important for preparation of concentrated dispersions, i.e. at high volume fraction ( j of the disperse phase,... 

The basic idea behind the use of 5 in identifying the optimum surfactant for stabilizing a particular colloidal system is best illustrated by the following... 

A coating producer is preparing a white, water-based formulation to be used for protection of exterior wood structures on buildings. The binder of the coating, a so-called aUcyd, is available as an oil-in-water emulsion, containing surfactants for stabilization. 

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