Supraventricular arrhythmias tachycardia

Supraventricular tachycardia 35 5 Program additional detection criteria (sudden onset, morphology) Consider therapy for supraventricular arrhythmias (tachycardia, drugs, or AV node ablation for atrial fibrillation) Consider implantation of an atrial lead. 

Supraventricular bradycardia is treated by implantation of a pacemaker device or has been treated pharmacologically with atropine. Supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia is treated with aj marine or praj marine. Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias or AV reentrant arrhythmia typically can be terminated using adenosine. 

Common supraventricular tachycardias requiring drug treatment are atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), and automatic atrial tachycardias. Other common supraventricular arrhythmias that usually do not require drug therapy are not discussed in this chapter (e.g., premature atrial complexes, wandering atrial pacemaker, sinus arrhythmia, sinus tachycardia). 

Supramolecular structuring, 12 5-6 Supramolecular synthons, synthesis and structures of, 24 39-40 Supramolecules, formation of, 24 34 Supraventricular arrhythmias, 5 88, 104 Supraventricular tachycardia, 5 88, 101, 105, 108 Suprilent... 

Verapamil is used for preventing angina pectoris attacks, arterial hypertension, and treating and preventing supraventricular arrhythmia (paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, extrasystole). Synonyms of this drug are isoptin, calan, fmoptin, falicard, manidone, and many others. 

P-adrenoceptor antagonists are effective for a range of supraventricular arrhythmias, in particular those associated with exercise, emotion or hyperth5o oidism. Sotalol may be used to suppress ventricular ectopic beats and ventricular tachycardia possibly in conjimction with amiodarone. 

Adenosine is the treatment of choice for diagnosis and reversal of supraventricular arrhythmias. Verapamil is an alternative for the management of narrow complex tachycardias. Amiodarone is the most effective drug at reversing atrial fibrillation, and in prevention of ventricular arrhythmias, but has several adverse effects. 

Beta blockers are used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, supraventricular arrhythmias, supraventricular tachycardia, sinus tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, myocardial infarction, pheochro-mocytoma, migraine headache, and essential tumor. 

Other supraventricular arrhythmias, such as supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia or atrial tachycardia secondary to an ectopic focus, are much less frequent. 

Arrhythmia can evolve rapidly within a few seconds, benign supraventricular arrhythmias can turn into other types of rhythm disorders, such as nodal tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and multiple ventricular extrasystoles, in doublets or triplets. It is important to act quickly - which is easy as everything that is needed to deal with these arrhythmias (fortunately very rare) is ready to hand and the patient is on a drip. 

Timolol is an effective antihypertensive agent. It improves exercise tolerance in patients with angina pectoris. It substantially reduces the long-term risk of sudden death and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction. It has been shown to reduce the size of an acute myocardial infarction when given intravenously within 4 hours after the onset of symptoms. Timolol is effective in the treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias and in certain cases of recurrent ventricular tachycardia. 

ADENOSINE Adenosine (adenocard) is a nucleoside that is administered as a rapid intravenous bolus for the acute termination of reentrant supraventricular arrhythmias. Rare cases of ventricular tachycardia in patients with otherwise normal hearts are thought to be DAD-mediated and can be terminated by adenosine. Adenosine also has been used to produce controlled hypotension during some surgical procedures and in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. 

Class IC drugs Flecainide is effective in both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias but is approved only for refractory ventricular tachycardias that tend to progress to VF at unpredictable times, resulting in sudden death, and for certain intractable supraventricular arrhythmias. 

Almost any type of supraventricular tachycardia (atrial fibrillation, atrial flatter, atrial tachycardia, sinus tachycardia) may be associated with a ventricular rate that falls within the detection criteria for an ICD. In one stndy, approximately 70% of inappropriate therapies are due to supraventricular arrhythmias being misclassified as ventricular arrhythmias requiring therapy (81). 

Supraventricular tachycardia is a heart condition characterised by fast arrhythmias involving the atrioventricular (AV) node. 

These dm are primarily used in the treatment of hypertension (see the Summary Drug Table Adrenergic Blocking Drugs also see Chap. 39) and certain cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal rhythm of the heart), such as ventricular arrhythmias or supraventricular tachycardia They are used to prevent reinfarction in patients with a recent myocardial infarction (1—4 weeks after MI). Some of these dm have additional uses, such as the use of propranolol for migraine headaches and nadolol for angina pectoris. 

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is a term that refers to a number of arrhythmias that occur above the ventricles and that require atrial or AV nodal tissue for initiation and maintenance.32 The most common of these arrhythmias is... 

The answer is e. (Hardman, pp 858-874.) Because verapamil, a Ca channel blocker, has a selective depressing action on AV nodal tissue, it is an ideal drug for both immediate and prophylactic therapy of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Nifedipine, another Ca channel blocker, has little effect on SAT Lidocaine and adenosine are parenteral drugs with short ha If-lives and, thus, are not suitable for prophylactic therapy. Procainamide is more suitable for ventricular arrhythmias and has the potential for serious adverse reactions with long-term use. 

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