Superoxide dismutase endogenous antioxidant

Many cellular responses protect DNA against initial genotoxic insults. Most notably, a battery of endogenous antioxidants, including glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and metallathione, can become induced in the presence of free radical formation (Cerutti et al. 1994 Boelsterli 2003). Protection by these enzymes plays... 

Although not spelled out as such in the article, presmnably the determination of diminished concentrations of cellidar-formed ATP, in one way or another, directly or indirectly, fimiishes a measme or marker for cancerous activity. The coimter to this ATP reduction, by whatever means, will provide a key to the control of cancer. Thus, the article stresses the role of SOD, or superoxide dismutase, as a most important endogenous (or indigenous) antioxidant enzyme in defending against oxidative free radicals. It is noteworthy that SOD has in previous accounts smfaced as an anticancer agent (Moss, 1992). 

Modulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (i) preventive antioxidants, such as glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, suppress the formation of free radicals. They act by quenching of oxygen-free radicals, decomposition of H2O2, and sequestering... 

Antioxidants are substances that are able to reduce the free radical concentrations in cells and the body. They also react at different stages of the free radical formation. They can be preventive, such as superoxide dismutase, or interceptive, such as vitamin C. Furthermore, the antioxidant defense systems of the human body can be classified into two groups, the enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense system. Most of the antioxidants present in the cell, such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase and thioredoxin, are endogenous enzymatic systems and are produced within the cell [4]. Superoxide dismutase is an important endogenous antioxidant, and the first line of defense against free radicals. It converts superoxide radicals... 

Administered at 1.25% and 2.5% of the diet of female rats subjected to carcinogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis, asafetida increased activity levels of endogenous antioxidants (glu-tathione-5-transferase, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase), inhibited lipid peroxidation, delayed tumor appearance, and reduced the size of tumors. The essential oil showed a relaxant effect on isolated rat ileum. Asafetida has also shown hypotensive activities in animals. It has also been demonstrated to increase blood coagulation time. ... 

---