Supercritical antisolvent with enhanced mass transfer

FIG. 20 22 Schematic of supercritical antisolvent with enhanced mass-transfer process to produce nanoparticles of controllable size. R, precipitation chamber SCF pump, supply of supercritical COg I, inline filter H, ultrasonic horn P, pump for drug solution G, pressure gauge. 

Chattopadhyay, P. Gupta, R. Formation of protein micro-and nanoparticles using supercritical antisolvent with enhanced mass transfer. AIChE J. 2002, 48, 235-244. 

As described in Chapter 3, several SCF techniques are available for the preparation of drug delivery systems. These include rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS), gas antisolvent recrystallization (GAS), supercritical antisolvent recrystallization (SAS), supercritical antisolvent with enhanced mass transfer (SAS-EM), solution-enhanced dispersion by supercritical fluids (SEDS), supercritical fluid nucleation (SFN), precipitation with compressed antisolvent (PCA), and aerosolized supercritical extraction of solvents (ASES). While RESS and SFN involve the expansion of a supercritical fluid solution of a drug to form drug particles, GAS, SAS, SAS-EM, SEDS, PCA, and ASES use a supercritical fluid as an antisolvent to precipitate particles of a drug dissolved in an organic solvent (5). General RESS and GAS processes are further elaborated in Sections 1.1.1 and 1.1.2. 

Chattopadhyay P, Gupta RB. Production of griseofulvin nanoparticles using supercritical CO2 antisolvent with enhanced mass transfer. Int J Pharm 2001 228 19-31. 

Gallagher PM, Coffey MP, Krukonis VJ, Klasutis N. Gas anti-solvent recrystallization new process to recrystallize compounds insoluble in supercritical fluids. In Johnston KP, Penniger JML, eds. Supercritical Fluid Science and Technology. Washington, DC American Chemical Society, 1989 334-354. Dixon D, Johnston KP, Bodmeier R. Polymeric materials formed by precipitation with a compressed fluid antisolvent. AIChE J 1993 39 127-136. Chattopadhyay P, Gupta RB. Production of griseofulvin nanoparticles using supercritical CO2 antisolvent with enhanced mass transfer. Int J Pharm 2001 228 19-31. 

Kakran, M., Sahoo, N.G., Antipina, M.N., and Li, L. Modified supercritical antisolvent method with enhanced mass transfer to fabricate drug nanoparticles. Materials Science and Engineering C 33 (2013) 2864-2870. 

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