Sulbactam pharmacokinetics

Sodium sulbactam is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is administered parenterally in combination with ampicillin or cefoperazone. Its pharmacokinetics are similar to those of ampicillin. 

For commercial success, any 8-lactamase inhibitor must have the right balance of in vivo activity, stability, pharmacokinetic profile, tolerance, safety and cost-efficiency, as well as demonstrating in vitro activity against isolated enzymes and intact bacteria. To date, only clavulanic acid and sulbactam have fulfilled these stringent criteria. 

Tazobactam, USP. Tazobactam is a penicillanic acid sulfone that is similar in structure to sulbactam. It is a nioK potent /3-lactamase inhibitor than sulbactam and ha.- 3 slightly broader spectrum of activity than clavulanic acid. Ii has very weak antibacterial activity. Tazobactam is available in fixed-dose, injectable combinations with piperacillin, a broad-spectrum penicillin consisting of an 8 I ratio of pipci- acillin sodium to tazobactam sodium by weight and ma-keted under the trade name Zosyn. The pharmacokineticsprotein bound, experience ven little metabolism, and are excreted in active forms in the urine in high concentrations. 

A retrospective study in asthmatic children aged 3 months to 6 years found that the mean half-life of theophylline did not differ between those treated with ampicillin and those not. The pharmacokinetics of theophylline 8.5 mg/kg daily were not altered in 12 adult patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease when they were given ampicillin 1 g plus sulbactam 500 mg every 12 hours for 7 days. ... 

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