Sugar Acids and Their Derivatives

DialdQSes. Mduloses. Sugar Acids, and their Derivatives.- The dlaldose glycoside acetal (27) and its cycloadduct (28), the... 

Branched-chain Sugars. - The cyclobutane derivative (21), the 2,3-fused pyranosides (22)" and (23), the 2,3-fused-1,5-lactone (24), and the 2,4,6-tri-C-branched heptono-l,S-lactone (25). Sugar Acids and their Derivatives. - D-g/yccro-D-tfl/o-Heptono-l,4-lactone and its 2,3 5,6-di-O-isopropylidene derivative, 3,4 6,7-di-0-isopropylidene-D-g/ycero-D-a/tro-heptono-1,5-lactone and 3,4-0-isopropylidene-D-altrono-1,5-lactone, N-tetradeca-6,8-diynyl D-gluconamide, ethyl... 

Sugar Acids and their Derivatives. - D-Erythroascorbic acid (2,3-didehydro-D-glycero-pentono-1,4-lactone) 37, 3-deoxy-2-C-hydroxymethyl-D/L-erFt ro-tetrono-1,4-lactone 38, 3-deoxy-2- C-hydroxymethyl-D-ery tAro-pentono-1,4-... 

Sugar Acids and their Derivatives.- W-(l-Octyl)-D-talonamide,i03 Af-[8-(D-gluconamido)octyl]-D-gluconamide,lO L-mannonic acid hydrazide.lO 3,5(R) 6,7(R)-di-0-benzylidene-D-g(yccro-D-gM/o-heptono-l,4-lactone,lO 2-oxobutylbutyrolactone 38 02 and derivatives 39 and 40a/b 2 (all derived from condensation of ascorbic acid with methyl vinyl ketone and it should be noted that the structural deteimination of 39 served to c< rect an earlier... 

The name, maleic anhydride, came about in the same fashion. as any number of compounds early in the petrochemical Business Many organic acids and their derivatives were given common names based on some early observations, their special source in nature, or on some special feature of their structure. MA was first isolated in the 1850—75 era by dehydration of malic acid, a sugar acid found in apple juice. The Latin word for apple is malum. Hence, malum, malic, maleic. The suffix, anhydride, which follows each alias of MA, has a simple definition a compound derived by the loss of a molecule of water from two carboxyl groups (-COOH). 

Stereoselective elongation of the carbon skeleton is the central point of the synthesis of amino sugars from a-amino acids and their derivatives (Scheme 1). 

The chemistry of phosphate esters and anhydrides is so central to biochemistry that the subject might also be logically discussed in the sections on nucleic acids, lipids and membranes, or intermediary metabolism. However, because of the importance of sugar phosphates and their derivatives in Experiment 12, the subject is presented in this section. The background is important to more than Exper-... 

Covalent imprinting has been used to successfully produce selective sorbents for sugars, diketones, dialdehydes, aromatic ketones, transferrin, man-delic acid, amino acids and their derivatives, and bis-NAD [30]. 

The main organoleptic properties (taste and color) of wine are determined by sugars, acids and polyphenol derivatives. This last group of substances includes quite a lot of structurally diverse molecules, their chemical kinship lies in at least two hydroxyl groups coimected to an aromatic ring, and this is also responsible for... 

In general, d and l designations are specifically used for sugars, amino acids, and their derivatives and are not generally applicable to other compounds. The terms d, or dextro, and /, or leva, are considered obsolete and should be avoided. 

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