Suction speed

Figure 8-6 Effect of suction speed on stable operating window due to recirculation. (Numbers on the curves are the values of the suction specific speed, Nss.) (From Raymer, 1993.)...

At the end of an additional time T2 the total quantity of absorbed water is measured. This term Suction Amount is defined as the total absorbing capacity of the introduced load. Through this, a large amount of absorbed water corresponds to a large load, a small amount of water to a small load. The results of the experiments show that the type and size of a washing load is related to the Suction Speed and the Suction Amount . Apart from this recognized tendency (Fig. 5.67), the results are somewhat fuzzy and thus justify the use of FUZZY CONTROL . 

The combination of the two values Suction Speed and Suction Amount (Fig. 5.68) allows a relatively precise value of the expected water demand in the main wash to be determined. From experiments this derived amount of wash water ( First Water Demand ) is added shortly after the end of the measurement. In cases where the laundry needs still more water the water level will eventually... 

Suction Speed] Suction Amount [ Fua Watec 1 Additional Water Intake] Total WaterCotistunption ... 

Since it is not necessary to permanently recalculate the coherence between the Suction Speed, the Suction Amount and the required amount of rinse water, implementation of a special FUZZY PROCESSOR with the AEG Oko-Lavamat washing machines was abandoned. Instead, the perceived knowledge was registered in a conventional microprocessor as look-up tables. The values were taken from the... 

The lowest pressure which can be achieved in a vacuum vessel. The so-called ultimate pressure Pgi j depends not only on the pump s suction speed but also upon the vapor pressure p j for the lubricants, sealants and propellants used in the pump. If a container is evacuated simply with an oil-sealed rotary (positive displacement) vacuum pump, then the ultimate pressure which can be attained will be determined primarily by the vapor pressure of the pump oil being used and, depending on the cleanliness of the vessel, also on the vapors released from the vessel walls and, of course, on the leak tightness of the vacuum vessel itself. 

From this the minimum suction speed Snj of the vacuum pump can be obtained (Equation 2.4-25) ... 

A shaped body, not densely sintered, is immersed in a solution of permanganate of potash over a certain period of time. Should there be laminations, the suction speed and the capillary degree of absorption of the structure are inconsistent. When such an impregnated sintered body is cut open, differences in the depth of colour and in the flow path of the coloured liquid are apparent. 

The test procedures described in this chapter are based on reversed-phase chromatography with UV detection and can be used for almost all HPLC systems, including those which are used with non-polar or more viscous mobile phases or other chromatographic methods. In such cases it is necessary to adjust the instrument parameters such as the suction speed of the autosampler or the compressibility factor of the pump. An important prerequisite is the thorough priming of the whole HPLC system with the mobile phases and flushing liquids in the case of non-miscibility, an intermediate solvent needs to be used. Do not forget the injection valve. 

Figure 5.12 Suction speed diagram of a pump combination (fore vacuum pump + roots pump, roots pump without (2) and with (1) bypass valve respectively frequency controller.

If the installed effective pumping capacity is smaller the desired operating pressure will not be reached. If the actual suction speed is larger the ultimate pressure inside the still will hardly drop further as it is given by the distillate rate. Equilibrium is not reached anymore and the partial pressure of the condensable vapour... 

Zi = geodetic elevation of liquid surface above the centerline of the pump impeller Zg= geodetic elevation of the centerline of the pump impeller Vg = suction speed at the eye of the impeller... 

The NPSH can be expressed as the function of suction speed and the eye tip sneed at the suction diameter (Turton, 1994) ... 

Model Vane d2, inch tip/suction Speed, rpm Flow, US gpm Efficiency, % Head, ft Specific speed Head factor, i/Vs Sigma cavitation factor... 

The flow suction speed is established as the ratio of tip speed. This ratio is 0.932, and using the suggested maximum speed of 6 m/s for metal impellers, the suction speed at... 

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