Succinyl hydrazide

Ethylsuccinic add and derivs 6 E330 ethylsuccinyl diazide 6 E330 ethyl succinyl hydrazide 6 E330... 

Add a sufficient amount of the hydrazide (e.g., 0.2 pg/ml of digoxigenin hydrazide (digoxigenin-succinyl-e-aminocaproic acid hydrazide) or 25pg/ml of Biotin-LC-Hydrazide ) and incubate for 1 h at RT. Wash three times for 10 min with Soln. D and block the membranes for 15 min with an appropriate blocking solution, e.g., 1% non-fat dry milk in Soln. D. Wash with Soln. D. 

Analogously to the O Shanessy method, the glycoproteins are detected with digoxigenin-3-0-succinyl-e-aminocaproic acid hydrazide (Bohringer, now Roche Diagnostics). The glycoproteins are oxidized first with periodate and then transformed with the hydrazide. After SDS gel electrophoresis and blot, they are detected with anti-digoxigenin antibodies coupled to alkaline phosphatase. 

Curatives have been prepared via condensation of (meth)acrylonitrile with various hydrazides such as carbohydrazide, oxalyl dihydrazide, and succinyl dihydrazide (Eq. 16). When these cyanoethylated and cyanopropylated hydrazides are mixed with DGEBA-type resins, viscosity increases are noted in 4-5 days at room temperature. However, these partially reacted mixtures are still uncrosslinked and flowable at temperatures near their final cure temperature of around 120°C. At this temperature reaction occurs very rapidly for a variety of epoxide-to-amine ratios. Adhesive compositions of DGEBA-type epoxy resins and the cyanoalkylated hydrazides give extremely strong bonds on substrates such as sheet moulding compound (SMC) and steel. 

Succinyl azide is obtained readily from the acid chloride and sodium azide. The preparation of the hydrazide from the ester is complicated by the formation of small amounts of the cyclic secondary hydrazide (V) this side reaction can be avoided, however, by the choice of the proper reaction conditions. 

This normally requires the functioning ot a series of enzyme systems within the cell. The formation of succinyl CoA requires a citric acid cycle as shown by Shemin s tracer studies with succinate-1,4-C and succinate-2,3-C this was also shown by inhibition studies with malonate, trans-aconitate, fluoroacetate, or arsenite (35). Coupled to the citric acid cycle is an electron transfer system to O as shown by inhibition by CO and anaerobiosis. Inhibition by dinitrophenol su ests that oxidative phosphorylation is required, although dinitrophenol may inhibit 5-AL synthetase more directly (36). For AL synthesis, pyridoxal-P is required as shown by Schulman and Richert (37) on vitamin B -dehcient chicks and by inhibitors of pyridoxal-P, e.g., deoxypyridoxine, isonicotinic hydrazide, etc. (35). 

Abbreviations Choi, cholesterol Dil, l,l -dioctadecyl-3,3,3, 3 -tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate DPPC, L-a- dipalnritoylphosphiatirtylcholine MPEG-CHO, mono-methoxypoly (ethylene glycol)5000-aldehyde MPEG-DSPE, monomethoxypoly (ethylene glycol)2(XX)-succinyl phosphatidyl-ethanolanune PBS, phosphate bulferedsahne PMN, polymorphonuclear leukocyte SA, stearylamine SHz, stearic hydrazide. 

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