SUBSTITUTION IN INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS

The OSPAR Commission invited industry to help achieve this objective through the incorporation of clean production and clean products and the development of less hazardous or preferably non-hazardous substances. 

This focus on substitution and the reference to industry developments has been mirrored elsewhere. This annex provides an overview of existing European Union law, mostly directives, which incorporate the principle of substitution. In the text, substitution is generally referred to as replacing a substance of concern with a safer alternative. 

All the highlighted directives and the European Court Ruling, as well as the two examples of internationally binding agreements that mandate substitution, have been analysed closely with respect to the scope of each text and the rationale for the requirement of substitution. For this purpose it seemed most practical to present the findings in a table format. The following directives have been analysed  

In addition, two examples of stringent substitution legislation on the international level, which the EU is, party to have been analysed  

All together these legal texts target the substitution of the following toxic substances  

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