Substituent groups name construction

There are two methods for constructing substituent group names from parent hydride names ... 

The C-2 and C-3 hydroxy derivatives of pyrrole are special in the sense that the tautomeric equilibria favor the pyrrolinone structures (see Section 3.04.6.2). Furthermore, the general synthetic methods are not usually applicable so that we will call attention in this section not only to the methods of directly introducing these substituents, which are rare, but also to those ring construction processes which specifically give the pyrrolinones and indolinones. The indole derivatives have widely used trivial names, oxindole (5) for indolin-2-one and indoxyl (6) for indolin-3-one, Carbocyclic hydroxy substituents in indole and carbazole, on the other hand, for the most part act as normal aromatic phenolic groups. These compounds are usually prepared by application of the standard ring syntheses. 

There are two ways of naming alkyl halides. The systematic (IUPAC) nomenclature treats an alkyl halide as an alkane with a halo- substituent Fluorine is fluoro-, chlorine is chloro-, bromine is bromo-, and iodine is iodo-. The result is a systematic haloalkane name, as in 1-chlorobutane or 2-bromopropane. Common or trivial names are constructed by naming the alkyl group and then the halide, as in isopropyl bromide. This is the origin of the term alkyl halide. Common names are useful only for simple alkyl halides, such as the following ... 

A systematic name is constructed by choosing the larger group to be the parent alkane and naming the smaller group as an alkoxy substituent. 

---