Substance abuse performance enhancement

Some Pj-sympathomimetics, like clenbuterol, show anabolic side-effects, when over-dosed. As light and shadow are not infrequently in close proximity, these drugs have earned a dubious popularity for their appearance as performance enhancing substances. There are reports of misuse in the cattle-rearing industry, as well as cases of abuse in professional cycling and other competitive sports. [117]... 

Highly selective MIP-coated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors have been prepared for nandrolone [16], a performance-enhancing substance that has been banned in international sports. The authors hope to address the need for a sensor to rapidly detect this substance of abuse. MIP was prepared with a 4-vinylphenol carbonate ester of the template, but also in the presence of methacrylic acid to target the ketone functionality. The sensor was able to detect nandrolone down to 0.2 ppm and was highly selective over closely related structures such as testosterone and epitestosterone. 

When it comes to employee assistance programmes, such an interview often arises out of realization by a supervisor or fellow team members that an employee s performance has lessened. There are maty influences in oiu hves which can affect the way in which we perform oitr work. These may include domestic concerns, financial difficirlty, substance abuse and peer group pressme. Such an interview may be one-on-one and kindly but firm. The interviewer needs to be well prepared and have a clear basis for what they can offer by way of further assistance. For instance, external coimselhng tn be offered. If the employee is able to retirm to feeling happy, healthy and secure, work performance should be enhanced. If performance doesn t improve after assistance, the employer may need to follow a formal warning process which could lead to terminatiom... 

These substances are generally determined in biological matrices together with the drugs of abuse because the mixtures consumed by the users often contain some of them. Diuretics, p-blockers, and stimulants are prohibited by the WADA due to their documented potential misuse as performance-enhancing substances. 

You have surely come across the items of news that appear quite frequently in the media, related to world-class athletes and sports personalities abusing anabolic steroids, e.g. nandrolone, to enhance performance and also to improve physical appearance. What are these substances Well, all these drugs and many other important drugs belong to the class of compounds called steroids. 

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