Subject spacer groups

R is the spacer group which should also terminate in an anchor e.g. a mercaptan. He report here intermediate results in which R is the methyl and ethyl moiety the case of R=H is the subject of a separate paper (K. A. B. Lee, R. Mowry, G. McLennan and H. 0. Finklea, in press). Our primary concern is whether the bipyridiniums are incorporated into the mercaptan monolayer and whether they are located at a fixed distance relative to the gold surface. 

Biotinylation yielded better LB films at the air-water interface by contributing a flexible spacer group and increasing the hydrophilicity of the copolymer. As a result, these researchers could demonstrate effective binding between B-PMHT and streptavidin. The interfacing of conducting copolymers of thiophene and biological macromolecules is the subject of a recent review [80]. 

This way out also is the subject of numerous contributions in the literature reviewed [16, 33, 35]. The unique aim of all is the synthesis of spacers or handle molecules, inserted between the phenyl moieties of the cross-linked polystyrene thread and a reactive group, not only to attach protected amino acids suitable for peptide synthesis to the polymer, but to facihtate peptide cleavage without loss of protecting groups on side functions (see Fig. 16). 

The Heck-Matsuda reaction has also been subjected to continuous flow chemistry conditions, as reported by Wirth et al. [100]. The reaction that was studied involved the reaction between an in situ generated diazonium ion and/r-fluorostyrene to give ( )-/ -fluorostilbene (Scheme 1.35) and the device used by this group relied on a segmented flow (liquid-liquid slug flow) to increase reaction rates in microfluidic flow. They used perfluorodecalin as an inert and immiscible liquid spacer. 

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