Styrol

Styrene [100-42-5] (phenylethene, viaylben2ene, phenylethylene, styrol, cinnamene), CgH5CH=CH2, is the simplest and by far the most important member of a series of aromatic monomers. Also known commercially as styrene monomer (SM), styrene is produced in large quantities for polymerization. It is a versatile monomer extensively used for the manufacture of plastics, including crystalline polystyrene, mbber-modifted impact polystyrene, expandable polystyrene, acrylonitrile—butadiene—styrene copolymer (ABS), styrene—acrylonitrile resins (SAN), styrene—butadiene latex, styrene—butadiene mbber (qv) (SBR), and unsaturated polyester resins (see Acrylonithile polya rs Styrene plastics). 

In 1786 William Nieholson wrote A Dictionary of Practical and Theoretical Chemistry. In this work Nicholson mentions that a chemist named Neuman, on distillation of storax (a balsam derived from the tree Liquambar orientalis), had produced a fragrant empyreumatic oil . In 1839 E. Simon carried out some similar experiments, apparently quite independently, and again obtained this essential oil which he ealled styrol. In 1845 M. Glenard and R. Boudault reported on the production of styrol (now known as styrene) by dry distillation of dragons blood, a resin obtained from the fruit of the Malayan rattan palm. 

Polystyrene was first made by E. Simon in 1839 who at the time believed he had produced an oxidation product, which he called styrol oxide. Since that time the polymerisation of styrene has been extensively studied. In fact a great deal of the work which now enables us to understand the fundamentals of polymerisation was carried out on styrene. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Phenethylene Phenylethylene Styrol Styrolene Vinylbenzene Chemical Formula C6HjCH=CH2. 

Styrolene, CgHg, also known as styrol, is phenyl-ethylene, of the constitution. 

Poly-morphie, /. polymorphism, polymorphy, -nom, n. polynomial, -saure, f. poly add. -schwefelwasserstoff, m. hydrogen persulfide (either H2S2 or HaSa). -sUiciumsaure,/. polysilicic acid, -styrol, n. polystyrene, -thion s ure, /. polythionic acid, -zimtsaure, /. polycinnamic acid, polyzyklisch, a. polycyclic. 

When the German ending -ol does not indicate hydroxyl it should be translated -ole (as, anisole, indole), or in the case of a few hydrocarbons -ene (as. Benzol, benzene Toluol, toluene Styrol, styrene). 

Seidl,J., Malinsky,J., Dusek,K. und Heitz, W. Makroporose Styrol-Divinylbenzol-Copo-lymere und ihre Verwendung in der Chromatographie und zur Darstellung von Ionenaustauschen. Vol. 5, pp. 113 — 213. 

Enamine geeigneter Struktur liefern mit elektrophilen Hydriden unterschiedliche Menge Olefine. Aus 2-Nitro-l-dimethylamino-l-phenyl-athylen wird z. B. mit Lithium-boranat in Pyridin-Losung in 48%iger Ausbeute u)-Nitru-styrol erhalten3 ... 

Polymere Ketone [z.B. Poly-(methyl-vinyl-keton), Styrol/Methyl-vinyl-keton-Copolymere] werden durch Natriumboranat in Bis-[2-methoxy-athyl]-ather bei 60-90° nur zu 40-60%, in N-Methyl-morpholin bei 115° durch Lithiumalanat dagegen vdllig reduziert5 und Poly-(chalkone) mit Natriumboranat in Bis-[2-methoxy-athylj-ather ebenfalls quantitativ6. Die Reduktion von Poly-acrolein zum Poly-allylalkohol gelingt mit Kalium-boranat in Wasser7. 

Athyl-benzol - -6 Man riihrt ein Gemisch aus 510 mg (4 mMol) Eisen(II)-chlorid, 0,39 g 50%igem Natriumhydrid (8,1 mMol) und THF 15 Min. unter Eiskiihlung. Dann gibt man 214 mg (2,2 mMol) Styrol zu und halt 24 Stdn. bei 0-5°. Man zersetzt vorsichtig mit Wasser, neutralisiert, schiittelt mit Diiithylather aus, trocknet, zieht das Losungsmittel i.Vak. ab und chromatographiert Ausbeute 185 mg (85% d.Th.). 

Perchlorierte 1,1-Diphenyl-athane konnen vollstandig dechloriert werden, wobei auch das betreffende Styrol-Derivat entsteht (Kathode Quecksilber-Pool, Anode Silberdraht Elektrolyt 85%iges Athanol/Tetramethylammoniumchlorid, ungeteilte Zelle)8 z. B. ... 

Perchlor-styrol kann elektrolytisch in Methanol/l,2-Dimethoxy-athan (1 1) zu (Pen-tachlor-phenyl)-acetylen dechloriert werden. Daneben treten, je nach pH und Elektro-denmaterial, verschiedene Nebenprodukte in wechselnden Ausbeuten auf2 ... 

Styrol und 2-Phenyl-propen werden in wasserhaltigen Nitrilen (get. Zelle, -10° LiC104 Pt-Netz-Kathodc) zu Ketonen elektrolysiert z.B.6 ... 

Styrol, Stilben, Phenyl-propen und Fumarsaure-diathylester liefern mit Alkylhalogeniden in HMPTA/Li-thiumchlorid Addukte mit 2 vicinalen Alkyl-Gruppen1. 

Wird die Elektrolyse von ( a>-Cyan-aIkyl)-triphenyl-phosphoniumsalzen in DMF in Gegenwart von Styrol durchgefiihrt, so erhalt man neben Triphenyl-phosphin 10% d.Th. [Pg.679]

Nitro-styrole konnen reduktiv via Hydroxylamin zu Chinolin-1-oxiden cyclisiert werden3 ... 

The monomer, styrene, is a derivative of benzene, vinyl benzene (1.2). It is a colourless, mobile liquid that polymerises readily. The first report of the polymerisation reaction came in 1839, when E. Simon described the transformation of what was then called styrof. He believed he had oxidised the material and called the product styrol oxide. Later, when it was realised that it contained no oxygen, the product became known as metastyrene. 

Tokyo, C.1994, pp.4. 12ins. 6/6/94. 242C21-6124-8(13) FOAMED STYROL LIQUEFACTION TREATMENT MACHINE MODEL FL-50/FL-100 Anchorman Corp. 

The use is described of a foamed Styrol liquefaction treatment machine which has been developed as an environmentally acceptable method of recovery of waste foamed styrene.Details are given of the liquefaction treatment which consists of four processes crushing and removal of foreign substances heating, gasification and pyrolysis cooling and liquefaction and the recycling of resultant liquid as solvent for use in the first three processes. 

Synonym phenylethene, styrol, styrolene cinnamene, cinnamol, phenylethylene, vinylbenzene, ethenylbenzene... 

Semtex besteht aus einem -+ Nitropenta und -< Hexogen-Gemisch, als Plastifizierungsmittel wird ein Styrol-Butadien-Copolymerisat einge-setzt. 

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