Styrol oxide

Polystyrene was first made by E. Simon in 1839 who at the time believed he had produced an oxidation product, which he called styrol oxide. Since that time the polymerisation of styrene has been extensively studied. In fact a great deal of the work which now enables us to understand the fundamentals of polymerisation was carried out on styrene. 

The monomer, styrene, is a derivative of benzene, vinyl benzene (1.2). It is a colourless, mobile liquid that polymerises readily. The first report of the polymerisation reaction came in 1839, when E. Simon described the transformation of what was then called styrof. He believed he had oxidised the material and called the product styrol oxide. Later, when it was realised that it contained no oxygen, the product became known as metastyrene. 

Polystyrene was first prepared by E. Simon in 1839 (7). At the time, he thought that he had produced an oxidation product fiom styrene which he called "styrol oxide." Since then, the polymerization of styrene has been studied extensively. Today, because of the stabilization effect of the phenyl group on styrene, styrene can be polymerized using fi ee radical, anionic, cationic, and even coordination initiatois to make polystyrene with dilferent properties. In general, a polymerization reaction consists of the following steps ... 

Polystyrene was first prepared by E. Simon in 1839 (7). At the time, he thought that he had produced an oxidation product fiom styrene which he called "styrol oxide." Since then, the polymerization of styrene has been studied extensively. 

Aus Styrol erhalt man mit Natriumnitrit/Essigsaure in Dichlormethan 4-Nitro-3-phenyl-fura-zan-2-oxid in einer Ausbeute von 68 %238 ... 

O. Watzenberger, E. Strofer, A. Anderlohr Instationar-oxidative Ddvydrierung von Ethylhenzol zu Styrol Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 71(1999)150-152. 

Oxidation (Wacker-type) PdCl2/H20 Styrol [BMIM][BF4] 98... 

Styrene and its polymers deserve a special place in polymer science history. The polymerization of a liquid obtained by Simon by the pyrolysis of storax in 1839 was the first recoiled polymerization of a vinyl monomer (1). Since he confused the polymer with an oxidation product, he called it styrene oxide. Blythe and Hofmann (2) suggested the name meta-styrol and Kopp (3) showed that this product and cinnanol, obtained by the distillation of cinnamic acid to be identical. Erlenmeyer (4) described this product as vinyl benzene. 

Details Eduard Simon distilled the resin of the Turkish sweetgum tree (Uquidambarorientalis) and obtained an oily substance, a monomer, which he named styrol. Several days later styrol had thickened, presumably from oxidation, into a jelly The first commercial production of polystyrene was by BASF in 1931 patent for manufacture was obtained by Mark and WUIff in 1929 Munters and Tandberg obtained patent for food polystyrene ... 

Die Reaktion entspricht einer Elektronenubertragung analog dem elektrodiemischen Polymerisationsstart durch direkte anodische Oxidation des Styrols. (Das Oxidationspotential des Styrols ist um ca. 1 Volt negativer als das des Perchlorations.)... 

Mit steigendem Wassergehalt verschwindet die Oscillation ganz. Die Frequenz steigt mit zunehmender Stromdichte an. Der obere und untere Potentialwert bleibt fiber einen weiten Bereich konstant. Dieser Effekt hangt wahrscheinlich mit der Polymerisation des Styrols zusammen, doch dfirfte auch die Oxidation des Perchlorations eine Rolle spielen. 

Ffir die anodische Oxidation von Styrol laBt sich folgender Mecha-nismus angeben ... 

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