Styrene monomer tubular reactor

MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR A STYRENE MONOMER TUBULAR REACTOR... 

FIGURE 13.7 Performance of a laminar flow, tubular reactor for the bulk polymerization of styrene Tin = 35°C and F = 1 h. (a) Stability regions, (b) Monomer-conversion within the stable region. 

RAFT polymerization in miniemulsion has been carried out in a tubular reactor. Emulsion is prepared in a batch reactor using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, surfactant), Triton X-405 (surfactant), styrene (monomer), hexadecane... 

We desire to develop a mathematical model for a styrene monomer pilot plant. The process flow sheet is shown in Figure 6.7. Ethylbenzene is passed through a tubular reactor packed with an iron oxide catalyst, and... 

In an adiabatic tubular reactor, styrene is converted partially to polymer at high pressure and the mixture of monomer and polymer is sprayed into a vacuum chamber with evaporation of monomer and recovery of polymer. If the heat of vaporization is 355 J/g and the monomer enters the tube at 50°C, what fraction can be converted to polymer per pass and still allow polymer recovery at 50°C ... 

Solution Polymerization These processes may retain the polymer in solution or precipitate it. Polyethylene is made in a tubular flow reactor at supercritical conditions so the polymer stays in solution. In the Phillips process, however, after about 22 percent conversion when the desirable properties have been attained, the polymer is recovered and the monomer is flashed off and recyled (Fig. 23-23 ). In another process, a solution of ethylene in a saturated hydrocarbon is passed over a chromia-alumina catalyst, then the solvent is separated and recyled. Another example of precipitation polymerization is the copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile in methanol. Also, an aqueous solution of acrylonitrile makes a precipitate of polyacrylonitrile on heating to 80°C (176°F). 

Another type of controlled radical polymerization employs a reversible termination with a nitroxide compound [21]. Rosenfeld et al. [22] reported details of the nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate at 140 °C in a 2.9 m tubular micro-reactor with an inner diameter of 900 gm. Whereas, for the low-heat-producing monomer, styrene, the differences between a batch process and the microtubular reaction were small, in the case of butyl acrylate the difference was high. This situation, which may have been due to the Trommsdorff effect in the batch reaction (Figure 14.11), indicated that the polymerization was no longer under control. By contrast, no such effect was observed in the tubular micro-reactor, and the degree of conversion remained quite low under the applied conditions. 

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