Studying acute toxicity

In toxicity studies, acute toxicity tests are usually carried out in the rat, mouse, cat, and dog. Subacute toxicity studies for IM products are performed by giving SC injections to rats and IM injections to dogs. In IV studies the rat tail vein or a front leg is used. Deliberate overdosing usually washes out metabolism differences between species. In dogs it is common to give an IV dose five times that intended for humans. In rats this is increased to 10 times. 

Ecotoxicological studies Acute toxicity to fish study... 

The basic material a regulator uses in reproductive toxicity risk assessment for pesticides is provided in the study reports submitted by the applicant. This includes ADME studies, acute toxicity. 

The so called base-set included data on mutagenicity (in vitro), acute toxicity, skin and eye irritation, skin sensitization, a sub-acute/28-day toxicity study, acute toxicity tests on fish, Daphnia and algae and degradation data (Annex VII A of directive 92/32). 

Gombar VK. 1987. Quantitative structure-activity relationship studies Acute toxicity of environmental contaminants. QSAR in Environmental Toxicology, Proceedings of the International Workshop 2 125-133. 

In 1998, Abbott (6A01) described the results of the examination of numerous food additives by the World Health Organization. The food additives in this particular study comprised a series of so-called aliphatic lactones. Among the lactones discussed were several that not only are used as foodstuff additives but also occur in tobacco and/or its smoke and several that are used as tobacco additives. The results of several toxicological studies (acute toxicity, short-and long-term toxicity, carcinogenicity) and genotoxic studies on the lactones were described in detail by Abbott. Table Vl-1 presents the results listed by Abbott on those lactones that are used in tobacco products. 

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