Structure-redox properties relationships

The herbicidal activity of the bipyridyliums depends on their redox properties. Their abilities as one-electron acceptors of the right redox potential (-350 mV for diquat and -450 mV for paraquat) allow them to siphon electrons out of the photosynthetic electron-transport system, competing with the natural acceptors. The radical anion produced is then reoxidized by oxygen, generating the real toxicant, hydrogen peroxide, which damages plant cells. Structure-activity relationships in this series have been reviewed (60MI10701). 

Early attempts to use heteropoly compounds as catalysts are summarized in reviews published in 1952 (//) and 1978 (7). The first industrial process using a heteropoly catalyst was started up in 1972 for the hydration of propylene in the liquid phase. The essential role of the Keggin structure in a solid heteropoly catalyst was explicitly shown in 1975 in a patent concerning catalytic oxidation of methacrolein. Systematic research in heterogeneous catalysis with these materials started in the mid-1970s and led to the recognition of quantitative relationships between the acid or redox properties and catalytic performance... 

Groessl M, Reisner E, Hartinger CG, Eichinger R, Semenova O, Timerbaev AR, Jakupec MA, Arion VB, Keppler BK (2007) Structure-activity relationships for NAMI-A-type complexes (HL)[trans-RuC14L(S-dmso)ruthenate(in)] (L = imidazole, indazole, 1, 2, 4-triazole, 4-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole, and 1-methyl-l, 2, 4-triazole) aquation, redox properties, protein binding, and antiproliferative activity. J Med Chem 50 2185-2193... 

Structure-reactivity relationship. This chapter is not a comprehensive review of the published work on radiation-induced chemical oxidation of benzene derivatives, nor does it cover redox properties and energetics of radical cations of substituted benzenes. The latter aspects have already been reviewed by Jonsson " earlier. In a series of papers,Jonsson and co-workers have clearly shown correlations between substituent pattern and redox properties of radical cations of substituted benzenes. Further, it has been shown by them that the product pattern is governed by the charge distribution on the radical cation and the electron density distribution on the corresponding substituted benzene. This chapter is an overview of the work carried out on radiation-induced oxidation of substituted benzenes with emphasis on the contribution to the area from our research group. 

The Ce02-Zr02 System Redox Properties and Structural Relationships. 

Until recently, all ferritin cores were thought to be microcrystalline and to be the same. However, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Mossbauer spectroscopy, and high-resolution electron microscopy of ferritin from different sources have revealed variations in the degree of structural and magnetic ordering and/or the level of hydration. Structural differences in the iron core have been associated with variations in the anions present, e.g., phosphate or sulfate, and with the electrochemical properties of iron. Anion concentrations in turn could reflect both the solvent composition and the properties of the protein coat. To understand iron storage, we need to define in more detail the relationship of the ferritin protein coat and the environment to the redox properties of iron in the ferritin core. 

P.S. Fedkiw and R.W. Watts, A mathematical model for the iron/chromium redox battery, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1984, 131, 701 R.A. Assink, Fouling mechanism of separator membranes for the iron/chromium redox battery, J. Membr. Sci., 1984, 17, 205-217 C. Abnold, Jr., R.A. Assink, Structure-property relationship of anionic exchange membranes for Fe/Cr redox storage batteries, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1984, 29,... 

Throughout the Handbook, we notice that structure-property relationships are now understood and have been developed for many of the polymers. These properties span the redox, interfacial, electrical, and optical phenomena that are unique to this class of materials. 

Isosteric and the closely related isoelectronic relationships are still widely used by inorganic chemists as an effective predictor of new molecules [109]. These isoelectronic relationships provide a good guide to the occurrence and structures of the predicted molecules, although the variation in the charges of the ions can influence their Lewis acid/base properties and their redox properties. Table 3... 

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