Streptomycin glucose

Drugs can also Interfere with laboratory results by negating certain nonspecific oxidation and reduction reactions essential for the chemical assay. Penicillin, streptomycin and ascorbic acid are known to react with cupric Ion thus, false positive results for glucose may occur If a copper reduction method Is used. If the specific enzymatic glucose-oxidase method Is employed, ascorbic acid can cause a false negative result by preventing the oxidation of a specific chromogen In the reaction. 

Deoxy-2-methylamino-L-glucose (N-methyl-i.-glucosamine) NHCH, HO HO H HOH2 C—C—C—C—C—CHO H H HO H the antibiotic streptomycin... 

The other component parts of streptomycin, namely L-streptose and the aminosugar 2-deoxy-2-methylamino-L-glucose (A -methyl-L-glucosamine), are also ultimately derived from o-glucose. Gentamicin Ci contains two aminosugars, L-garosamine and D-purpurosamine. 

Dulbecco s modified Eagle s medium (DMEM) with L-glutamine and 4.5 gm/L glucose. Add penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco BRL, Gaithersburg, MD) from 100X stock. Add fetal bovine serum (FBS) to a final concentration of 10%. 

Following excess glucose addition to soil, there is a rapid increase in the rate of evolution of C02-C. Over the first 2 hours, the increase in C02-C is proportional to the size of the initial microbial biomass. After this time the relationship weakens as new microbial cells proliferate (Anderson and Domsch 1978). This method, usually termed substrate induced respiration, provides a rapid means of measuring the microbial biomass. Lin and Brookes (1999a) also showed that it was strongly correlated with ATP and biomass C measured by microscopy. The SIR method, in combination with the use of an antibiotic (streptomycin) and a fungicide (cyclohexamide) can also provide... 

Loss of tritium from D-glucose-3-t (but not from D-glucose-J-f) during the biosynthesis of L-streptidine (77), which is a component of the antibiotic streptomycin, showed that the 3-guanidination of D-l-deoxy-l-guanidino-sci/Wo-inositol (75) may proceed through the 3-ketone intermediate 76. The enzyme system was specific195 for the D-isomer (75). 

The work of Baddiley and coworkers and of Bruton and Horner with labelled precursors in connection with the biosynthesis of L-streptose (25) from streptomycin has been reviewed.4,6,36 It was found that the aldehyde branch of streptose originates from C-3 of glucose, and that the hexose unit as a whole is incorporated into the streptose molecule (see Scheme 9). 

Streptidine phosphate was incubated with dTDP-L-[U-14C]dihydro-streptose, obtained in situ from dTDP-D-[U-14C]glucose with a cell-free extract from S. griseus. Two new, positively charged, radioactive products were obtained which, upon hydrolysis, gave dihydrostreptose as the only radioactive product. Comparison with a synthetic sample of 0-a-L-dihydrostreptose-(l- 4)-streptidine (43, see Scheme 14) proved that one of the products was identical with this pseudodisaccharide, and the second product was identified as the corresponding 6-phosphate (44). It was concluded that the phospho-rylated product had been partially hydrolyzed during the incubation by streptomycin 6-phosphate phosphatase present in the cell-free extract. No transfer-products were formed in controls in which (a) denatured extract was used,(fe) streptidine phosphate was absent, or(c) streptidine was substituted for streptidine phosphate. 

Scheme 12. 5-Deoxygenation during the biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine (27 the core moiety of neomycin 25, streptamine 26 is its analog in streptomycin 24) through transamination of the intermediate 2-deoxy-scyl/o-inosose (28). Note that C-5 of glucose becomes C-3 of 26 and 27...

The GT-B fold family includes most prokaryotic enzymes that produce secondary metabolites, like the antibiotics streptomycin, oleandomycin (Fig. 1) and vancomycin, and important bacterial cell wall precursors. It is also predicted to contain the vitally important 0-GlcNAc transferase that modifies many nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins and influences gene transcription. The first glycosyltransferase structure reported in 1994 was for the GT-B fold enzyme, P-glucosyltransferase (BGT) from bacteriophage T4 (22). This enzyme attaches glucose to modified... 

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