Storage of electromagnetic energy

Polarization and Storage of Electromagnetic Energy The physical origin of polarization... 

The association of an inductor with a capacitor allows the two snbvarieties of electrodynamical energy, inductive (electromagnetic) and capacitive (electric or electrostatic), to be stored in the same system. The two system constitutive properties, inductance and capacitance, are the supports for the storage of energy and they link the state variables according to the following relations ... 

PANI has been applied for many practical fields such as energy storage, alternative energy sources, nonlinear optics, shielding of electromagnetic interference, antistatic coating, catalysts, indicators, sensors, corrosion protection, supercapacitors, etc. A number of articles and reviews covering selective aspects of PANI synthesis, properties and application were published recently [296,302-312]. 

Heat. As mentioned above most molecules lose energy from the excited state as heat. The most efficient molecules for converting electromagnetic radiation into heat are those that absorb in the near-IR region, i.e., infrared absorbers (IRAs). There has been much interest in IRAs because of their use in laser thermal transfer, optical data storage [the older write-once read-many (WORM) and the newer compact disc recordable (CD-R) and digital versatile disc recordable (DVD-R) systems], computer-to-plate printing, and as solar screens for car windscreens and windows. 

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