Stickland

FIGURE 7.26 Stickland reaction between L-proline and L-alanine. 

Naumann E, H Hippe, G Gottschalk (1983) Betaine new oxidant in the Stickland reaction and methanogen-esis from betaine and L-alanine by a Clostridium sporogenes-Methanosarcina barkeri coculture. Appl Environ Microbiol 45 474-483. 

Stickland LH (1934) Studies in the metabolism of the strict anaerobes (genus Clostridium). I. The chemical reactions by which Cl sporogenes obtains its energy. Biochem J 28 1746-1759. 

A. H. Fitter, T. R. Stickland, M. L. Harvey, and G. W. Wilson, Architectural analysis of plant root systems 1. Architectural correlates of exploitation efficiency. New PItytol. 119 515 (1991). 

Guven and Ozsari reported some thin layer systems to use as identity tests for antibiotics including gramicidin190. McGilveray and Stickland described two thin layer chromatographic systems to use to identify several antibiotics including gramicidin191. 

Phosphorus was determined in the extracts by the spectrophotometric method of Murphy and Riley [63] and Stickland and Parsons [96]. In Table 12.10 results are shown obtained upon applying the procedure to the determination of total phosphorus in solutions of calcium phosphoglyceric acid. 

Stephenson, M. and Stickland, L. H. (1931) XXVII Hydrogenase a bacterial enzyme capable of activating molecular hydrogen. I. The properties of the enzyme. Biochem. J. (London), 25, 205-14. 

Once identified as a selenoprotein in this model (C. sticklandii), the need for selenium was also shown for C. sporogenes The addition of selenium to the culture medium was reported to improve the level of D-proline reductase activity as early as 1976, ° yet the first identification of the selenoprotein component of this enzyme did not occur until more recentiy in 1999 by Andreesen s group. It is quite clear now from data from these model systems, as well as from DNA sequence analysis of the grd aiiAprd operons, ° ° that Stickland reactions are common to many amino acid-fermenting clostridia. Those that are capable of proline reduction all... 

Hydrogenase was named by Stephenson and Stickland in 1931, discovered in their experiments using anaerobic colon bacterium Escherichia Coli that evolved hydrogen [144-146]. Hydrogenase enzymes are metalloproteins that contain sulfur and nickel and/or iron [147]. To date over 80 hydrogenase enzymes have been identified. These enzymes reversibly catalyze hydrogen production/uptake reactions ... 

Note This explosive was developed as a substitute for the plastic explosive, which used RDX plus American vaseline, because the latter component was no longer available in Cefmany. This vaseline, called long fibrous by Meyer, had much greater adherence than vaselines manufactured in other countries Refs 1) O.W. Stickland, General Summary of Explosive Plants, PB Rept 925, (1945) Appendix 7 (R. Meyer, Dievelopment Work on Explosives at Krummel) 2) PATR 2510, (1958), p Ger 90... 

Refs 1) Beil. — not listed la) O.W. Stickland et al, "General Summaty of Explosive Plants ,... 

Refs 1) U. Gallwitz, "Die Geschutzladung" (Propellant Charge), Heereswaffenamt, Berlin (1944) (English translation is available at PicArsnLibrary) 2) O.W. Stickland et al, "General Summary of Explosive Plants", PBRept 925(1945) 3) H.H.M- Pike, "Re-... 

Stickland, " General Summary of (German) Explosive Plants , Dynamit AG, PB Rept No 925(1945) 3) B.T. Fedoroff et al, PATR... 

Stickland et al, "General Summary of Explosives Plants , PB Rept 925(1945), Appendix 7, p 77 4) G. RSmer, "Report on Explosives ,... 

A charge of ca 15g of HE was required for ejecting each cylinder from the proj and to impart to it a velocity of lOQOm/sec. Each of these cylinders burned in flight and if one of them hit a combustible object (such as a gasoline tank of an airplane) a fire, or even expin could take piace Refs 1) O.W. Stickland ec al, General Survey of Explosives Plants , PB Rept No 925(1945), Appendices 2) B.T. Fedoroff et al, PATR 2510(1958), p Ger 103-E... 

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