Steroids steroid-sugar compounds

When intermediate 274 reacted with ketones 133 (from D-glucose) or 270 (from D-fructose), mixed steroid-sugar compounds 278 and 279 were, respectively, obtained in low yields (10-16%). In addition, the use of protected estrone 280 (precursor of the epoxide 272) as electrophile allows the preparation of the dimeric steroid 281 in 26% yield. The low yields obtained for compounds 278, 279 and 281 are due to extensive decomposition during their column chromatographic purification. 

Ishibashi, A. and Nakashima, N., Individual dissolution of single-waUed carbon nanotubes in aqueous solution of steroid or sugar compounds and their Raman and Near-IR spectral properties . Chemistry-A European Journal, 2006,12,7595-7602. 

Ethers (without cyclic Compounds, Steroids and Sugars including X- and R-Derivates)... 

The reaction of many compounds of biological interest with ammonium bicarbonate on thin-layer plates permits detection of 10-100-ng amounts of these compounds [141]. Many compounds in the lipid, steroid, sugar, amino acid, purine, pyrimidine and alkaloid classes can be analyzed in this way (Table 4.26). 

In a number of instances (e.g., with steroids and sugars), oximes are formed prior to the silylation reaction [201, 202]. Muriatic o-pentafluorobenzylhydroxylamine has been used successfully to protect ketosteroids and increase the sensitivity of detection [203, 204]. It should be noted that oximes (under certain conditions) are converted quantitatively into the corresponding nitriles in a column [205]. In a number of instances it is expedient to use hydrazones to increase the stability of carbonyl compounds, including that of formaldehyde [206,207]... 

This review of literature covering phytochemical investigations on ten Taxus species have resulted in the isolation of nearly three hundred and fifty compounds belonging to the classes of taxanes, lignans, flavonoids, steroids, sugar derivatives, aromatic acids, etc. 

Use S. is the economically most important sugar compound and is produced in larger amounts for further use as an industrial feedstock, see also Lit. . Besides its main use in the food industry and for conservation purposes (jams, etc.), S. can also be used in plastics, varnishes, as fermentation additive for the production of proteins, amino acids, yeasts, enzymes, antibiotics, steroids, fats, ethanol, ethylene, glycerol, sorbitol, sugar acids, explosives, tartaric acid, softeners, saccharose esters for detergents, etc. S.-propylene oxide adducts are used in hard PUR expanded plastics. 

Hundreds of applications have been mentioned in the Zweig (1968) review acids, alkaloids, amino acids, antibiotics, antioxidants, food and feed additives, bases and amines, bile acids, carbonyls, dyes, enzymes, lipids, hydrocarbons, hormones, indoles, natural products, peptides, proteins, pesticides, plant growth regulators, pharmaceutical products, phenols, pigments (chlorophylls, xanthophylls, porphyrins, melanin, pterins, pteridines, anthocyanins, ilavonoids, etc.), polymers, purine and pyrimidine derivatives, quinones, RNA, DNA, organic sulfur compounds, steroids, sugars, toxins, vitamins, inorganic ions, and others. 

Compounds terminating in sugars other than glucose to have been described are p-D-Gal-( 1 - 4)-P-d-G1c-( 1 - 2)-a-D-Man-(l - 2)-a-D-Man- 1 6)-a-D-Man, which was made as a potential antimetastatic agent, two unusual pentamers made from glucose, cymarose, oleandrose (2,6-dideoxy-3-0-Me-i>-riho- and l-arabino-hexose) and digitoxose (2,6-dideoxy-D-riho-hexose) found in steroidal plant root compounds, and chondroitin pentasaccharide 23 which has been used as the source of its 0-4 and 0-6 sulfates. ... 

H. Budzikiewicz, C. Djerassi, and D.H. Williams, Structure elucidation of natural products by mass spectrometry. Vol. II. Steroids, terpenoids, sugars and miscellaneous compounds, Holden-Day, San Francisco (1964). 

Although ginsenosides have the basic structure of a steroid, the sugar side chains increase the hydrogen bond count and polar surface area that hurdle effective permeability of these compounds across the membranes. The side chains are prone to degradation via hydrolytic cleavages and deglycosylations. Thus, availability of... 

HPLC has had considerable success in separating compounds as diverse as steroids, carbohydrates, vitamins, dyestuffs, pesticides and polymers. It is used routinely for the assay of pharmaceutical products, the monitoring of drugs and metabolites in body fluids and for other biomedical, biochemical and forensic applications, such as the detection of drugs of abuse. The determination of additives in foodstuffs and beverages including sugars,... 

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