Steroidal glycoalkaloid

Steroidal Alkaloids and Steroidal Glycoalkaloids Norditerpenoid Alkaloids Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Indolizidine and Polyhydroxy Alkaloids Tropane Alkaloids Glycosides... 

Fig. 1A-C. Examples of different classes of saponins A the triterpenoid saponin avenacin A-1 from roots of Avena spp B the steroidal saponin gracillin, from Costus speciosus C the steroidal glycoalkaloid a-tomatine from tomato (Lycopersicon spp.)...

Krits, R, Fogelman, E., Ginzberg, I. (2007). Potato steroidal glycoalkaloid levels and the expression of key isoprenoid metabolic genes. Planta, 227, 143-150. 

Benilova, I. V., Arkhypova, V. M., Dzyadevych, S. V, Jaffrezic-Renault, N., Martelet, C., Soldatkin, A. P. (2006). Kinetic properties of butyrylcholinesterases immobilised on pH-sensitive field-effect transistor surface and inhibitory action of steroidal glycoalkaloids on these enzymes. Ukr. Biokhim. 7h., 78,131-141. 

Friedman, M., McDonald, G. M. (1999b). Steroidal glycoalkaloids. In R. Ikan (Ed.), Naturally Occurring Glycosides Chemistry, Distribution and Biological Properties (pp. 311-342). Wiley, New York and London. 

Kuronen, R, Vaananen, T., Pehu, E. (1999). Reversed-phase liquid chromatographic separation and simultaneous profiling of steroidal glycoalkaloids and their aglycones. J. Chromatogr. A, 863,25-35. 

McCue, K. F., Shepherd, L. V. T., Allen, P. V, Maccree, M. M., Rockhold, D. R., Corsini, D. L., Davies, H. V, Belknap, W. R. (2005). Metabolic compensation of steroidal glycoalkaloid biosynthesis in transgenic potato tubers using reverse genetics to confirm the in vivo enzyme function of a steroidal alkaloid galactosyltransferase. Plant science, 168, 267-273. 

Roddiek, J. G., Weissenberg, M., Leonard, A. L. (2001). Membrane disruption and enzyme inhibition by naturally-oeeurring and modified ehaeotriose-eontaining Solanum steroidal glycoalkaloids. Phytochemistry, 56,603-610. 

Saponins are found in many major food crops and include a large number of examples of constitutive plant compounds with antimicrobial activity. Their name refers to the property of forming a stable foam when shaken with water, and they consist of triterpenoid, steroid or steroidal glycoalkaloid molecules bearing one or more sugar chains. Excellent general reviews on saponins have been published recently [2-6]. 

Fig. (1). Structure of the steroidal glycoalkaloid a-tomatine showing the aglycone moiety (tomatidine) and the tetrasaccharide moiety (p-lycotetraose).

Roddick, J.G. Complex formation between solanaceous steroidal glycoalkaloids and free sterols in vitro. Phytochemistry 1979 18 1467-1470. 

Figure 7.13 Distribution of tropane and steroidal glycoalkaloids in the family Solanaceae. (After Wink, 2003.) (See Plate 19 in colour plate section.)...

Reversed-phase HPLC of potato steroid glycoalkaloids was reported by Bushway et al. . ... 

One of the most prominent examples of naturally occurring food toxicants is steroidal glycoalkaloids in potatoes (77). Potatoes have been subjected to a wide spectrum of genetic modifications by means of recombinant DNA techniques (72-... 

Potato alkaloids. The cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) contains two major glycoalkaloids, a-chaconine and a-solanine. The two components both contain the C i steroidal aglycone solanidine they differ only in the sugar moieties included in the trisaccharide part. a-Solanine and a-chaconine form up to 95% of the glycoalkaloids present in potatoes. Data on occurrence, chemistry, analysis, and toxicology of the steroidal glycoalkaloids present in potatoes have been comprehensively reviewed (77, 75). 

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