Sterilization temperature effects during

The second major development has been the evolution of the paleopasteurization concept (Wilhems et al., 2001). Paleopasteurization explains why it is possible to observe reservoirs of nondegraded cmde oils at relatively shallow depths in the subsurface where one might expect the oils to be degraded. The explanation makes use of the fact that, in general, biodegradation of crude oils has not been reported in reservoirs that have experienced temperatures above 80 °C. For paleopasteurization to occur, a reservoir will have to have been exposed to temperatures above 80 °C at some time during its history. Above that temperature, the reservoir is effectively sterilized... 

Albumin solution, human (PhEur 2005) Human albumin solution is an aqueous solution of protein obtained from plasma. Separation of the albumin is carried out under controlled conditions so that the final product contains not less than 95% albumin. Human albumin solution is prepared as a concentrated solution containing 150-250 g/L of total protein or as an isotonic solution containing 35-50 g/L of total protein. A suitable stabilizer against the effects of heat such as sodium caprylate (sodium octanoate) or N-acetyltryptophan or a combination of these two at a suitable concentration, may be added, but no antimicrobial preservative is added at any stage during preparation. The solution is passed through a bac-teria-retentive filter and distributed aseptically into sterile containers, which are then closed so as to prevent contamination. The solution in its final container is heated to 60 1.0°C and maintained at this temperature for not less than 10 hours. The containers are then incubated at 30-32°C for not less than 14 days or at 20-25°C for not less than 4 weeks and examined visually for evidence of microbial contamination. 

Mariani Marelli investigated the stability of meperidine hydrochloride in buffered aqueous solutions during sterilization by steam, and determined the maximum stability to be at pH 7 - 7.5. However, temperature, ionic strength, and specific ion effects were not considered. 

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