STEM—See Scanning transmission

To find the distribution of iron within the nanotube walls an energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) line scan was performed via scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), see Fig. 5. 55. The intensity of both the TiK and FeKa lines are maximum at the center of the wall due to its torus shape. Despite the presence of isolated hematite crystallites, a more or less uniform distribution of iron relative to the titanium can be seen across the wall. STEM line scans were performed across a number of walls, and while the average relative intensity of the TiK and FeKa lines varied from wall to wall the relative distribution across a single wall remained uniform. It appears that some of the iron goes into the titanium lattice substituting titanium ions, and the rest either forms hematite crystallites or remains in the amorphous state. 

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) [22]. STEM represents a merger of the concepts of TEM and SEM. Modes of operation and mechanisms of contrast and of imaging are essentially the same as in CTEM but the main advantage of STEM is the ability to carry out microanalysis at very high resolution (see Section H). 

The fresh and used Ni/YSZ and l%wt Sn/Ni/YSZ catalysts were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The SEM and STEM measurements show that carbon filaments completely cover the Ni/YSZ catalyst see Eig. 13.8a [16]. On the other hand, the SEM and STEM images of the used Sn/Ni/YSZ catalysts, shown in Fig. 13.8b, demonstrate that no observable carbon deposits are formed on Sn/Ni/YSZ. 

Figure 7.62 Scanning transmission elec- trailing edge of the transformation front tron microscope (STEM) image of transfer- well-crystallised HAp is formed whereas at mation of ACP to crystalline phases on con- the leading edge nanocrystalline HAp pretact with revised simulated body fluid (r- vails (see text) (Heimann, 2007).

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) See Electron Microscopy. 

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. 

STEM (scanning transmission electron microscopy) (see also TEM ) 147 surface area... 

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