Stem, Otto

The hydroformylation of alkenes, which was originally discovered by Otto Roelen in 1938 [1], has developed into one of the most important applications of homogeneous catalysis in industry (Scheme 1) [2,3]. Today, more than 9 million tons of so-called oxo-products are produced per year, a number which is still rising continuously. The majority of these oxo-products stem... 

Hamburg, he also met Otto Stem, and he followed Stem s work with interest. 

In writing about molecular beams, Otto Stem once referred to that beauty and peculiar charm which so firmly captivates physicists working in this field. Stern s statement accurately described Rabi s reaction to his experience in Hamburg. Rabi s powerful physical intuition was stimulated by images of atoms moving through the apparatus and once he was exposed to that beauty and peculiar charm, the course of Rabi s professional life was determined (see Figure 12.1). 

Otto Stem (1888—1969). German physicist. He made important contributions to the study of magnetic properties of atoms and die kinetic dieory of gases. Stern was awarded die Nobel Prize in Physics in 1943. 

Bacterial Path< enesis Methods and Protocols, edited by Frank DeLeo and Michael Otto, 2008 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Protocols edited by Kevin D. Bunting, 2008... 

Otto Stern (1888-1969) in 1924 proposed to return a thin layer of immobile molecules between the interface and diffuse layer. In essence, he merged two previous models into one. The layer of associated ions was subsequently called the Stem layer. As a result, the system s model acquired a shape of two sequentially joined capacitors. 

These experiments demonstrate that the C-19 carbon atom detaches itself as formaldehyde from the 19-oxo compound leaving a double bond at C-1 (Fig. 1, pathway a). There could, however, be two other ways in which formaldehyde arises in the eourse of aromatization (1) It is conceivable that formaldehyde is removed from the 19-hydroxy compound (Fig. 1, pathway b) the resulting 19-nor steroid could aromatize after hydroxylation at C-1 or C-2 and subsequent loss of the elements of water. This route, however, does not appear to be followed in placental microsomes, since after incubation in this stem, the relative yield of estradiol-17/8 from 19-nortestosteronc is only one-fifth of that from testosterone (Ryan, 1959a). If 19-nortestosterone is actually an intermediate in this reaction, this compound should give at least the same yield of estradiol-17j8 as that observed with testosterone. (2) The second possibility which does not involve the 19-oxo compound requires the introduction of a double bond into the 19-hydroxy compound (Fig. 1, pathway c). As has been shown by Khrenstein and Otto (1959), the A -19-hydroxy compound aromatizes... 

Yu, J., Vodyanik, M.A., Smuga-Otto, K., Antosiewicz-Bourget, J., Frane, J.L., Tian, S., et al. Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells. Science 318(5858), 1917-1920 (2007). doi 1151526. [pii]... 

The primaiy coolant circulation pumps are typically internal, canned axial pumps, of the glandless, vertical mixed-flow type. Some alternate IPWR arrangements have the pumps located on nozzles or "stems" attached to the lower portion of the RPV, as in the NS Otto Hahn design, and often in the cold leg of the primaiy circuit. 

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