Stem-Gerlach magnet

Na, Na2 and Na3 separated from a Na beam by a Stem-Gerlach magnet have been collected in a krypton matrix in high purity. The electronic spectra are discussed. 

Stem-Gerlach experiment The demonstration of the quantization of electron spin by passing a beam of atoms through a magnetic field, stick structure See line structure. stock solution A solution stored in concentrated form, stoichiometric coefficients The numbers multiplying chemical formulas in a chemical equation. 

The Stem-Gerlach experiment shows that the magnetic moment of each... 

An analysis of the Stem-Gerlach experiment also contributes to the interpretation of the wave function. When an atom escapes from the high-temperature oven, its magnetic moment is randomly oriented. Before this atom interacts with the magnetic field, its wave function is the weighted sum of two possible states a and / ... 

The Stem-Gerlach experiment demonstrated that electrons have an intrinsic angular momentum in addition to their orbital angular momentum, and the unfortunate term electron spin was coined to describe this pure quantum-mechanical phenomenon. Many nuclei also possess an internal angular momentum, referred to as nuclear spin. As in classical mechanics, there is a relationship between the angular momentum and the magnetic moment. For electrons, we write... 

When atoms are placed in a magnetic field, the energy levels of the electrons split into more than one component These splittings are small (no more than 10 3 eV, even in strong magnetic fields), but can be seen in the line spectra of atoms this is called the Zeeman effect. There are other manifestations. For example, in an inhomogeneous (i.e. non-uniform) field, a beam of atoms can be deflected, and splits into several components this is the Stem-Gerlach experiment, and is illustrated in Fig. 5.5. 

In the last decade, magnetic nanoclusters with diameters of 1-10 nm and containing tens-to-thousands of atoms have been of great interest because their properties are critically dependent on size [4-10]. The total magnetic moment in free Fe, Co, and Ni clusters was determined as a function of size by measuring their Stem-Gerlach deflections [4, 5, 9], For example, at a low temperature of 120 K, for small Fe clusters (25 < N < 130 atoms), the moment was found to be 3 per atom, which is considerably higher than... 

When a beam of He atoms similarly undergoes a Stem-Gerlach experiment, the beam passes through without being deflected. This implies that there is no magnetic field associated with the He atoms, even though there are two electrons present. Thus, the two electrons in the atom must have opposite spins—one "up" and one "down"— which cancel each other out and provide no overall magnetic moment. 

Q For the Stem-Gerlach experiment, calculate the two angles that can be adopted by the spin angular momentum vector of the silver s electron with respect to the direction of the magnetic field. 

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