Magnetic nanoclusters

In the last decade, magnetic nanoclusters with diameters of 1-10 nm and containing tens-to-thousands of atoms have been of great interest because their properties are critically dependent on size [4-10]. The total magnetic moment in free Fe, Co, and Ni clusters was determined as a function of size by measuring their Stem-Gerlach deflections [4, 5, 9], For example, at a low temperature of 120 K, for small Fe clusters (25 < N < 130 atoms), the moment was found to be 3 per atom, which is considerably higher than... 

Rajca, A. (2004). Organic polyradical magnetic nanoclusters, In Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Nalwa, H.S. (ed.), vol. 8, pp. 285-294. American Scientific Publishers, Stevenson Ranch, CA... 

Moseler, M., Hakkinen, H., and Landman, U. 2002. Supported magnetic nanoclusters Soft landing of Pd clusters on a MgO surface. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 176103. 

Figure 4.5 HA-modified Au-NP and MNC for a) ROS detection and b) diagnosis of CD44-overexpressing breast cancers. MCAO middle cerebral artery occlusion MNC magnetic nanoclusters and MR magnetic resonance, a) Reproduced with permission from H. Ffyun, K. Lee, K.H. Min, P. Jeon, K. Kim, S.Y. Jeong, I.C. Kwon, T.G. Park and M. Lee, Journal of Controlled Release, 2013,170, 3, 352. 2013, Elsevier [92]. b) Reproduced with permission from E-K. Lim, H-0. Kim,...

Sohn B.H., Cohen R.E., and Papaefthymiou G.C., Magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoclusters within microdomains of block copolymers, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 182, 216, 1998. 

Magnetic field effects on the photoelectrochemical reactions of photosensitive electrodes are very important for practical applications of the MFEs in controlling the photoelectronic functions of molecular devices. Previously, we have examined MFEs on the photoelectrochemical reactions of photosensitive electrodes modified with zinc-tetraphenylporphyrin-viologen linked compounds [27, 28] and semiconductor nanoparticles [29, 30[. However, MEEs on the photoelectrochemical reactions of photosensitive electrodes modified with nanoclusters have not yet been reported. 

Effects of Magnetic Processing on the Morphological, Electrochemical, and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Electrodes Modified with Cgo-Phenothiazine Nanoclusters... 

We examined the effects of magnetic processing on the morphological, electrochemical, and photoelectrochemical properties of electrodes modified with nanoclusters of CfioN and MePH (Figure 15.4) using a strong magnetic field [49]. 

The M FEs on electrochemical and photoelectrochemical measurements can most likely be ascribed to the difference in the reduction potentials between the clusters in the absence and presence of magnetic processing using the morphological change of CfioN nanoclusters. 

Magnetic Field Effects on Photoelectrochemical Reactions of Electrodes Modified with the Ceo Nanocluster-Phenothiazine System... 

Figure 15.10 (a) AFM image and schematic illustration of electrode modified with nanocluster of QqN and MePH. (b) Magnetic field dependence on Q-values. 

MFEs on the photocurrents of the modified electrode with nanoclusters of the mixture of C qN and MePH were examined to verify the photocurrent generation mechanism. In the presence of a magnetic field, the photocurrents clearly increased. 

The MFEs on the photoelectrochemical reactions of photosensitive electrodes modified with nanoclusters containing C oN and MePH were examined as a study of spin chemistry at solid/liquid interfaces. The results can be expected to lead to an epochmaking means of reaction control involving photoelectrochemical processes. The results also provide useful information for designing novel nanodevices whose photofunctions can be controlled by a magnetic field. 

Yonemura, H., Wakita, Y, Kuroda, N., Yamada, S., Fujiwara, Y. and Tanimoto, Y. (2008) Effects of magnetic processing on electrochemical and photoelectrochemical properties of electrodes modified with C )-phenothiazine nanoclusters. ]pn. J. Appl. Phys., 47, 1178-1183. 

Yonemura, H., Kuroda, N. and Yamada, S. (2006) Magnetic field effects on photoelectrochemical reactions of modified electrodes with C o-phenofhiazine nanoclusters. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater, 7, 643-648. 

Polarization, Surface Enhancement and Quantum Confinement in Nanocluster Magnetism. 

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