Statistics positive correlation

In 1990, Vatten et al.51 in Norway subsequently reviewed data on breast cancer risk from a cohort of 14,593 women with 152 cases of breast cancer during a follow up of 12 years on subjects who were between 35 and 51 years old at the beginning of the study and between 46 and 63 years at the end. They reported no overall statistically significant correlation between breast cancer and coffee consumption, but when body mass index was taken into account, lean women who consumed >5 cups per day had a lower risk than women who drank two cups or less. In obese women, however, there was a positive correlation between coffee intake and breast cancer. In a 1993 study, though, Folsom and associates52 failed to find an association between caffeine and postmenopausal breast cancer in 34,388 women in the Iowa Women s Health Study, with a median caffeine intake of 212 mg/day in women who developed breast cancer and 201 mg/day for women who did not and in Denmark, Ewertz53 studied... 

Fig. 14.6 Biliary indexes and severity of diarrhea in cancer patients after four different dose levels ( , , , ) of irinotecan. Statistically significant correlation of biliary index to severity of diarrhea was shown. Cdiff+, one patient found positive for C. difficile toxin.

It is necessary to use statistical procedures to assess chemical dynamics. The amount of Zn, As and SO42" that are removed were compared using linear correlation analyses. Examining the output from each cell for removal of these metals shows a marked correlation between Zn and S042" in the 2nd plant cell and Typha cell (r2= 0.8), before decreasing to 0.6 in the pond. This high positive correlation supports that the formation of ZnS (sphalerite) is an important aspect. Values for As are not as high. 

Finally, we examine descriptive statistics that relate attribute-level performance scores and share of customer wallet. Although in general we find a positive correlation between attribute performance scores and share of customer wallet, case-by-case examination reveals exceptions. 

Another meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials in depression published between 1980 and 2000 showed an increase in the response rates in the placebo arms of trials with a variety of antidepressants (Walsh et al.y 2002). Responses to placebo increased significantly in recent years, as shown by the high positive correlation with the year of publication. The association between response rate and year of publication was more statistically robust for placebo than for active medication. The change in placebo response rate did not appear to be explained directly by changes in study characteristics such as patient age, placebo lead-in or minimum required Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score. A potential explanation could be the changing awareness of patients and the fact that many patients in recent clinical trials had been exposed to several previous treatments and thus expected to improve (see Box 5.4). 

Investigation of replacement of the 5-methoxy group by substituents with different electronic and lipophilic properties and methylation of the indole nitrogen or its replacement by a sulfur atom was evidence for the shift of the 5-methoxy group to the 4-position of the indole nucleus led to the most active radical scavenger but much less effective as a cytoprotectant [135]. 5-alkoxy-2-(N-acylaminoethyl)indole (Fig. 15) appeared as the key feature to confer both antioxidant and cytoprotective activity to the structure. Antioxidant activity seems essential for cytoprotection, but it is not sufficient, and there is no statistically significant correlation between the two types of activity. 

Mean blood serum zinc levels of the vegetarian subjects was 75.5 ug/dl 4.81 with a range of 67.9 - 86.0 ug/dl and that for the omnivore subjects was 72.6 ug/dl 5.70 with a range of 64.8 -83.1 ug/dl. Blood serum zinc levels were weakly positively correlated with intake levels but with the number of subjects Involved, this correlation was not statistically significant. 

---