Starch granule-bound proteins

Lorberth, R., Ritte, G., Willmitzer, L., Kossmann, J. (1998). Inhibition of a starch-granule-bound protein leads to modified stareh and repression of eold sweetening. Nature Biotech., 16, 473 77. 

Antibody prepared against SSI effectively neutralized souble SSI activity, but had no effect on either the activities of GBSSI or GBSSII, or even on SSII. Alternatively, antibody prepared against the starch granule-bound proteins effectively inhibited GBSSI activity, but had very little effect on the soluble starch synthases.173... 

Potato BEII was first characterized and found to be a granule-bound protein in tuber starch.256 In potato, BEII appears to be less abundant than BEL Both potato tuber BEI and BEII were cloned and expressed in E. coli,257 258 and the properties of... 

Chorleywood, UK Granule-bound starch synthase (waxy protein) was confirmed in wheat starch 251... 

Table 10.12 Granule-bound starch synthase I (Wx-A1, Wx-B1, and Wx-D1 proteins) and amylose levels in near-isogenic lines266 and isolines273 of wheat...

There is a report that in pea embryo, some of the SSSs may also be bound to the starch granule (Denyer et al., 1993) and that in maize endosperm, some of SSSI adheres to the starch granule (Mu et al., 1994). The conclusions in the pea embryo study (Denyer et al., 1993) are based on positive immunoblots obtained after electrophoresis of the SSS with antibody prepared against the GBSS, and also on the similarity of the amino-acid sequence of three peptides obtained from protease SV8 digests of the SSS. This clearly shows there is a close relationship between SSSII and GBSSII, but does not indicate that they are identical proteins. It is also... 

Edwards A., Marshall, J., Denyer, K., Sidebottom, C., Visser, R. G., Martin, C., and Smith, A. M. 1996. Evidence that a 77-kilodalton protein from the starch of pea embryos is an isoform of starch synthase that is both soluble and granule-bound. Plant Physiol. 112, 89-97. 

Sivak, M. N., Wagner, M., and Preiss, J. 1993. Biochemical evidence for the role of the waxy protein from pea (Pisum sativum L.) as a granule-bound starch synthase. Plant Physiol. 103, 1355-1359. 

Eujita N, Taira T. A 56-kDa protein is a novel granule-bound starch synthase existing in the pericarps, aleurone layers, and embryos of immature seed in diploid wheat (Triticum monococcum L.). Planta 1998 207 125-132. 

Proteins, particularly granule-bound starch synthesis enzymes entrapped in dried starch granules, are also involved in the determination of the starch-pasting characteristics, even when they are present at less than 0.2% in dried starch. Figure... 

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