Stainless tubing

For example for the preparation of a 15 cm long, 4.6 mm i.d. stainless tube column, 2.5 g of octadecyl-bonded silica gel was suspended in 25 ml of hexanol-methanol mixture, and kept in an ultrasonic bath for a few minutes to remove air. After the reservoir was filled with the slurry, methanol was pumped in at 10 ml min -1 under constant pressure, 45 MPa (450 bar). After the replacement of slurry solvent by methanol, the flow was stopped and the pressure allowed to drop. When 0 MPa was reached the reservoir was removed. Then, 20 ml of water was added and methanol was again pumped in under the same conditions as before. Again, the flow was stopped and the pressure allowed to drop until it reached 0 MPa. The pre-column was removed and the analytical column closed. The maximum pressure that can be applied in the filling stage is based on the pore size, particle shape, and purity of the silica gel. This reproducible packing procedure is performed at constant temperature by using a water bath (60-BO °C). 

A3S8 Coolit water piping materiai CW PIP MAT c 1 Argalvanized pipe B copper tube C. stainless tubing Zrother... 

The cooler must be designed with stainless tubes hnes and frame. They must be installed in modular sections (description above) and must be laterally removable on guide rails (drawer). The equipment and the connections of the heat exchanger must be designed to allow the heat exchanger to be removed easily. 

When glass tubes with the same dimension, instead of stainless tubes, are used in the liquid-liquid heat exchanger of Example 5.1, estimate LI based on the outside tube surface, neglecting again the resistance of the dirty deposit. The thermal conductivity, k, of glass is 0.63 kcal h m °C. As for the heat transfer resistance of a round tube, see Problem 2.1. 

A medium, which flows through an 80 mm i.d. stainless tube at a flow rate of 1.0 m h , is to be continuously sterilized by indirect heating with steam. The temperature ofthe holding section is maintained at 120 °C. The number of bacterial spores of 10 rn in the entering medium must be reduced to 0.01 m . The specific death rate of the bacterial spores in the medium, medium density, and medium viscosity at 120 °C are 180 h , 950 kgm , and 1.0kgm h , respectively. 

Figure 8.1 is based on field-erected cost for furnaces designed to elevate hydrocarbon streams to 700°F at 500 psi (maximum) with absorbed heat duties in excess of 10 mmBtu/h. All tube banks are carbon steel, except pyrolysis or reformer furnaces, which have stainless tubes. Process furnaces generally have overall fuel efficiency of 75% (lower fuel heating value conversion to actual absorbed heat). Although most furnace vendors claim much higher efficiencies, this 75% efficiency value is... 

The entire instrument must be flushed without columns. Refer to the column manual from the manufacturer for the recommended procedure. Often using a 2-ft length of 0.040 in. stainless tubing to connect the injector outlet to the detector inlet is sufficient for flushing the LC system with new mobile phase. The system is flushed at a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min for approximately 4 min—2 min with the injector in the load position followed by 2 min in the inject position. 

The UK Ceres Power fuel cell based on ferritic stainless tubes or plates and a low-temperature electrolyte may also approach being shockable. (See Section 4.6 and the listed company web site. Also see the company history by Bance etal., 2004.)... 

Viscosity measurement of the liquidized product using the Ostwald visometer was not successful because the solid particles in the product plugged the capillary. However, the viscosity of the product was too small for the rotary viscometer. The pressure drop caused by the delivery of the liquidization product through the stainless tubing will be measured to determine the effective viscosity in the hiture. 

Both pressure tank and bubbler are constructed using 3" OD stainless tubing with welded and tapped stainless steel end caps. The bubbler contains a stainless steel tube which is welded to the top cap. This tube has a stainless steel screen welded to the outlet on the bottom of the tube. 

In the case of liquids, a laboratory peristaltic pump is used to pump the liquid into the 1.3-cm OD stainless tube. The feed rate of the liquid is controlled by the pump speed. 

J.J. Porter and R.S. Porter, Filtration studies of selected anionic dyes using asymmetric titanium dioxide membranes on porous stainless tubes, f. Membr. Sci., 101 (1995) 67. 

The shell-side coefficient (/z ) can be estimated using Donohue s correlation (13). Since acid is corrosive, we would be well-advised to place it inside the stainless tubes, leaving river water on the shell side (which is mild steel). With this choice, the mass flowrate is... 

Fig. 25. Effect of pressure and velocity on subcooled boiling. Normal butanol was boiled inside a 0.587-inch stainless tube (K2).

Catalytic study of propane oxidation was performed under atmospheric pressure in a stainless tube microreactor (2 cm o.d.) connected with a GC-MS apparatus, either at a temperature in the range 300-400 "C or at 340 C by varying the contact time. To better control the reaction temperature, the thermocouple was installed within the reactor. The gas feed consisted of 40 vol% propane, 20% oxygen and He as balance. Total flow rates were in the range 7.5 to 30 cm min and the mass of the catalyst was... 

The apparatus consists of a pressurized vessel for the feed solution and a spray column, which are connected by a stainless tube, as shown in Figure 1. The vessel was set in a thermostat-bath, and the stainless tube was held to a constant temperature by a heating cable with a controller. The column consisted of five pre-divided and preweighed glass tubes of 0.017m LD. It was closed with silicon caps in both ends, and placed in vertical position. The upper cap was provided with an inlet spray nozzle of a 100fJm LD. and an outlet for the evaporating solvent. 

Analytes in solution are sprayed from a stainless tube held at 2-5 kV, droplets are dried, ions are released through charge repulsion... 

The T.C.U. s are as shown in Figures 3 and 4 and comprise concentric tubes of mild and stainless steels around a mild steel centre rod, the mild steel parts are always in tension and the stainless tubes in compression. This design gives an overall expmsion coefficient vhich proximates to that of graphite and consequently the "as built" restraining forces on the core are maintained throughout all temperature transients. 

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