Spermine, analysis

Hildrum, K., Scanlan, R.A. and Libbey, L.M. (1976). Nitrosamines from the nitrosation of spermidine and spermine, in Walker, E., Bogovski, P. and Griciute. L., Eds., Environmental N-Nitroso Compounds Analysis and Formation, Polytechnical Institute Tallinn, Estonia. 

Figure 11.9 Schematic view of the experimental strategy for carrying out poly(Phe) synthesis in POPC liposomes, (i) Freeze-thaw (x 7) solution containing t-RNAP , poly(U), Phe, ATP, GTP, Mg(OAc)2, NH4CI, spermine, spermidine, phos-phoenolpyruvate. (ii) Soution containing pyruvate kinase, 100 000 g supernatant enzymes, 308 and SOS ribosomal subunits, (iii) 1. Free-thaw (x3) 2. Brief extrusion 3. Addition of EDTA (final concentration = 35 mM. (iv) Withdrawl of aliquots at indicated time and cold TCA precipitation. Analysis of the radioactivity remaining on the glass filter by p-scintillation counting. (Modified from Oberholzer et al, 1999.)...

A systematic analysis to determine the biophysical characteristics of some cationic lipid/DNA complexes from this series was undertaken (Eastman et al., 1997). Product 1 (Figure 15.7) is currently being used in clinical trials as a carrier of CFTR gene in cystic fibrosis. The synthesis of these cholesteryl derivatives is similar to that of DC-Chol cholesteryl chloroformate is reacted with spermine or spermidine as polycation (Lee et al., 1996). 

Used to introduce chromophores into amines aids in resolution of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine by HPLC excess TsCI must be removed (by extraction with hexane, for example) before analysis Reference 41... 

Verbascenine (205) has been isolated from the aerial parts of Verbascum species (140). Its structure elucidation was based on chemical degradation reactions as well as careful analysis of spectral data (140). In addition to spermidine, spermine was isolated from a KOH melt reaction and identified as its tetraacetyl derivative. The two cinnamic acid residues were identified by spectroscopic methods. A C=C double bond was found in only one of these units. The other cinnamic acid residue is part of a / -aminodihydrocin-namide. Therefore, verbascenine must be cyclic. The number of possible structures was reduced to two (205 and 206) on the basis of the formation of certain derivatives and their spectroscopic properties. Structure 205 is preferred for verbascenine because of the mass spectral behavior of its... 

Sample Preparation. All samples were prepared for SERRS analysis using the following amounts of reagents, 10 pi of dye-labeled oligonucleotide, 10 pi of 0.1 mol dm spermine, 250 pi of water, and 250 pi of citrate reduced silver nanoparticles. 

Recently, a LC/ESI-MS method for analysis of tyramine, trypt-amine, 2-phenylethylamine, histamine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in wine without any sample pretreatment, was... 

TABLE 8.3. Elution Program for LC/ESI-MS Analysis of Tyramine, Tryptamine, 2-Phenylethylamine, Histamine, Cadaverine, Pntrescine, Spermidine, and Spermine in Wine"... 

The most commonly applied methods for the analysis of polyamines in erythrocytes make use of amino acid analyzers and HPLC techniques. A capillary gas chromatographic method with nitrogen-phosphorous detection was applied to the simultaneous determination of 1,3-diaminopropane, putrescine, cadaverine (Cad), spermidine (Sd), and spermine (Sp) in human erythrocytes. Blood samples, collected by venipuncture into EDTA containing Venoject tubes, were subjected to the removal of plasma by centrifugation and erythrocytes were washed three times with two volumes of 0.9% NaCl. The stability of polyamines in erythrocyte suspensions was also investigated. Quantification of polyamines was done by comparing the peak-area ratio of each analyte and its internal standard with that of the standard. The polyamine samples were eluted with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solutions. The eluate was evaporated to dryness at 120°C under a stream of air and 200 each of acetonitrile and heptafluorobutyric anhydride were added. The isolation of derivatives... 

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