Spermatocyte death

Some chemical-mediated cell death involves this system also. For example, the spermatocyte death caused by mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate or 2,5-hexanedione (toxic metabolite of hexane) is due to apoptosis. This is induced in the spermatocytes by Fas ligand expressed on the surface of the Sertoli cells in which the microtubules have been damaged by the chemicals. As Sertoli cells are essential for support of the spermatocytes, damaged Sertoli cells are a "liability."... 

Methyl chloride was mutagenic to bacteria and induced chromosomal aberrations in plants. It induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in cultured rat hepatocytes and, in rats exposed in vivo, there was a small increase in unscheduled DNA synthesis in hepatocytes but not in tracheal epithelial cells or spermatocytes. DNA strand breaks were induced by methyl chloride in the kidney cells of exposed mice. In cultured mammalian cells, it induced mutations and sister chromatid exchanges and enhanced viral cell transformation. It induced dominant lethal effects in rats. The last effect appears to be due to a failure of the males to fertilize the females, rather than to preimplantation embryonic death and can be partially inhibited by treatment with an anti-inflammatory agent (Chellman et al., 1986c). 

Excessive cobalt can potentially interfere with normal spermatogenesis, and even generalized hypoxia related to increased blood viscosity which affects the testes (Evans, 2007 Thomas, 1995). Chromium and vanadium have also been associated with adverse reproductive effects, and cis-platmum exposure has been associated with the death of spermatocytes and spermatids, as well as disruption of... 

The abalone sperm AR can be artificially induced by raising the calcium ion concentration of seawater from the normal 10 mM to 50 mM in seawater buffered with 10 mM Tris at pH 8.2. Unlike other species used for fertilization studies, the abalone AR does not lead to the rapid death of the sperm. In abalone sperm, the acrosomal compartment is sealed off from the respiratory compartment acrosome-reacted, sperm will continue to swim for days if stored in the cold room at 4°C. The acrosomal exudate of these sperm is composed predominantly of soluble ly sin and 18K protein. Reducing and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole sperm, AV exudate, and purified lysin shows that abalone spermatocytes make a substantial investment in the synthesis of these two acrosomal proteins (Figure 6). 

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