Spectroelectrochemistry overview

Optical Spectroscopy General principles and overview, 246, 13 absorption and circular dichroism spectroscopy of nucleic acid duplexes and triplexes, 246, 19 circular dichroism, 246, 34 bioinorganic spectroscopy, 246, 71 magnetic circular dichroism, 246, 110 low-temperature spectroscopy, 246, 131 rapid-scanning ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy applied in stopped-flow studies, 246, 168 transient absorption spectroscopy in the study of processes and dynamics in biology, 246, 201 hole burning spectroscopy and physics of proteins, 246, 226 ultraviolet/visible spectroelectrochemistry of redox proteins, 246, 701 diode array detection in liquid chromatography, 246, 749. 

This overview on the use of spectroelectrochemistry within the field of carbon-rich organometallics is organised by the experimenters main purpose for conducting these experiments rather than by individual compound classes. With that, we wish to emphasise the various applications of spectroelectrochemical methods and to demonstrate their utility. Some complementary work based on chemical redox agents or bulk electrolyses and remote spectroscopic investigations is also cited to provide a more complete picture, though not in a wholly comprehensive manner. 

The following chapters are devoted to single methods or to closely related families of methods. A brief overview, including some joint features of a given method, will precede the description of the individual techniques. The principle of organization of methods and techniques is a common feature. These are either probes shared by several techniques or particular surface/interphase properties studied with the methods. An introduction to spectroelectrochemistry in molecular inorganic chemistry is available [128]. 

The wealth and diversity of the literature on in situ infrared spectroelectrochemistry renders an in-depth review outside the scope of this chapter. The aim of this treatise is hence to alert the electrochemical community to the possibilities opened up by in situ infrared techniques, to place the commonly employed methods in a historical context, and to provide a reasonably detailed overview of the practicalities of carrying out in situ infrared measurements. 

In this chapter, we will introduce some typical carbon materials that are widely studied in electrochemistry. Their properties, not restricted to their electrochemical properties, will be briefly described. Some characterization techniques, including spectroelectrochemistry, will be described when applied to selected carbon materials. A brief overview of the application of various carbon materials to electrochemistry will be included in this chapter, which will be concluded by an outlook to the future. 

Overview, (2) electrosynthesis, (3) redox properties (and relationships with structure and reactivity), (4) dynamics of electron-transfer, (5) polynuclear and supramdecuiar complexes, ( ) molecular electroactivation and eiectrocataiysis, (7) mechanistic studies, (8) spectroelectrochemistry, (9) experimental aspects, (10) electrochemistry in non-conventional conditions, and (11) conclusions and prospects. 

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