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Specimen travel

Sometimes the failure occurs by propagation of a crack that starts at the top and travels downward until the interface is completely debonded. In this case, the fracture mechanics analysis using the energy balance approach has been applied [92] in which P, relates to specimen dimensions, elastic constants of fiber and matrix, initial crack length, and interfacial work of fracture (W,). [Pg.831]

Fig. 8.102 Constant-rate bend test for determining hydrogen embrittlement of wires. A, drive unit B, pulley C, semicircular base D, travelling arm E, axial pin F, fixed arm C, wire specimen (after Zapffe and Haslem )... Fig. 8.102 Constant-rate bend test for determining hydrogen embrittlement of wires. A, drive unit B, pulley C, semicircular base D, travelling arm E, axial pin F, fixed arm C, wire specimen (after Zapffe and Haslem )...
The first group of tests is carried out on specimens generally fabricated into a dumb-bell shape, with forces applied uniaxially. The usual apparatus consists of a machine with a pair of jaws, which during the test are moved relative to each other, either together or apart, in a controlled manner. A chart recorder is employed to give a permanent record of the results obtained, so that the force at fracture can be determined. Whether this kind of set up measures tensile, compressive, or flexural strength depends on how the sample is oriented between the jaws, and on the direction that the jaws are set to travel relative to one another. [Pg.115]

Original cross-sectional area of specimen Crosshead travel... [Pg.158]

Clinical information such as the suspected diagnosis, travel history of the patient, and clinical findings should be included on the requisition. In addition, the time the specimen was passed and the time it was placed in fixative should be noted. If the specimen is in fixative, the consistency of the original specimen should be stated, or a portion of unfixed specimen should be included with the fixed specimen. [Pg.7]

Except for biopsies that really do start to fix when first placed into fixative, specimens generally do not achieve any significant amount of fixation until after they have been grossed. Fixative can then penetrate from at least two sides and has only half the depth of tissue to travel. If grossed less than 2 mm, this should take only a few hours, not 24-36 h, using formalin. [Pg.201]

Fig. 11. The cleavage energy (J/m2) of a mica specimen as a function of the distance travelled, x mm. Data of Ref.101>... Fig. 11. The cleavage energy (J/m2) of a mica specimen as a function of the distance travelled, x mm. Data of Ref.101>...
Sir Hans Sloane, 1660-1753. Founder of the British Museum. Physician, pharmacist, traveler, and collector of books, manuscripts, coins, medals, gems, antiquities, and natural history specimens. His asbestos specimens were purchased from Benjamin Franklin (63). [Pg.342]

After the Abb6 Lazaro Spallanzani (1729-1799) found an unworked deposit of native alum (alumte) in a grotto at Cape Miseno, near Naples, M H. Klaproth analyzed some specimens of it which John Hawkins collected tiiere. The Abbe Scipione Breislak described the extensive alunite deposits at Solfatara in 1792-93 and afterward became the director of an alum works tiiere. In his Travels in the Two Sicilies and Some Parts of the Apennines, Spallanzani wrote It is well known that for a long time alum and sal ammoniac have been extracted from this half-extinguished volcano (Solfatara). The methods employed were as follows In the process for the alum, certain square places were cleared out in die plain of Solfatara, in which it effloresced, and the efflorescences were swept together, and from them, by methods well known, the salt was collected purified. The sal ammoniac fumes were allowed to condense on pieces of tile near the apertures from which that salt issued. [Pg.590]

Fig. 4.4. Reflections from various interfaces in an acoustic microscope, (a) Paths travelled by the rays the broken line shows a ray that returns as a shear wave after mode conversion from a longitudinal wave (or vice versa), (b) The arrival time and magnitude of each reflected ray in (a) the broken lines show the earlier arrival times of reflections from the specimen surface when the specimen is defocused towards the... Fig. 4.4. Reflections from various interfaces in an acoustic microscope, (a) Paths travelled by the rays the broken line shows a ray that returns as a shear wave after mode conversion from a longitudinal wave (or vice versa), (b) The arrival time and magnitude of each reflected ray in (a) the broken lines show the earlier arrival times of reflections from the specimen surface when the specimen is defocused towards the...
The myrrh tree was not fully known until Ehren-iffiKG, in 1825, returned from his travels with Hem-prich in Asia and Africa, bringing with him a specimen, which has beeD delineated end depicted by Neeb von EsenBecK. [Pg.326]

Dimensions such as the width of a dumb-bell or the depth of a nick in a tear specimen will be less than 30 mm but could not be measured with a dial gauge. Because of the virtual impossibility of applying a known pressure, such measurements must be made in an essentially contactless manner. For low precision, calipers or a rule may suffice but for readings to 0.01 mm a travelling microscope or projection microscope is most suitable, and this is specified in ISO 23529 Method D and applies also to dimensions over 30mm. Projection microscopes also find use in examining profiles and for rapid swelling tests (see Chapter 16, Section 2.1). [Pg.101]

A stretched fiber containing many poly-L-alanine molecules is suspended vertically and exposed to a collimated monochromatic beam of CuKa x-rays, as shown in figure 1(a). Only a small percentage of the x-ray beam is diffracted most of the beam travels through the specimen with no change in direction. A photographic film is held in back of the specimen. A hole in the center of the film allows the incident undiffracted beam to pass through. [Pg.96]


See other pages where Specimen travel is mentioned: [Pg.339]    [Pg.136]    [Pg.244]    [Pg.339]    [Pg.136]    [Pg.244]    [Pg.203]    [Pg.717]    [Pg.1640]    [Pg.1642]    [Pg.547]    [Pg.201]    [Pg.51]    [Pg.202]    [Pg.1380]    [Pg.1381]    [Pg.312]    [Pg.29]    [Pg.178]    [Pg.8]    [Pg.160]    [Pg.199]    [Pg.31]    [Pg.147]    [Pg.246]    [Pg.170]    [Pg.130]    [Pg.23]    [Pg.627]    [Pg.201]    [Pg.36]    [Pg.41]    [Pg.59]    [Pg.71]    [Pg.250]    [Pg.102]    [Pg.327]    [Pg.749]    [Pg.780]    [Pg.404]    [Pg.649]   
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