Space weather hazards

Key words space weather, cosmic rays, radiation hazard, monitoring, forecasting... 

Sufficient distance should be provided from the outer nozzles to keep spray from being carried over the sides of the basin. If it is not possible to provide 7.6 to 10.7 m (25 to 35 ft) of space, the pond should be enclosed with a louver fence, equal in hei t to the maximum height of the spray, to minimize drift loss. Also, during cold-weather periods, fogging can occur from the spray pond, so that consideration should be given to possible hazards to roadways or buildings in the immediate vicinity. 

The results of this situation can be readily foreseen. A requisition for a specific item is occasionally filled with an item which, at first glance, appears to be the one requested but, actually, was formulated for a different purpose and is either inadequate or dangerous to use for the intended purpose. A specific example of the hazards inherent in this situation may be found in the case of insecticide space spray composed of 1% DDT, 0.1% pyrethrins, or 2.5% thiocyanate in deodorized kerosene and 5% residual-effect DDT, both of which are issued in 5-gallon steel drums. Obviously, if a requisition for residual-effect DDT were to be filled with space spray, the application of the solution as a residual-effect compound w ould be of little or no value. Under some conditions, when stocks have been exposed to such adverse weather conditions that all gross identifying marks have been removed from the containers, the assumption has been made by the untrained native laborers that all unidentifiable cans of the same size contained the same material. Were it possible to have just one insecticide for all military purposes, such a situation could easily be avoided. 

Advanced techniques and practices (e.g., awareness, observation, spacing, etc.), used by drivers to protect themselves from the errors of other drivers, unsafe road conditions, and adverse weather conditions that increase driving hazards. The National Safety Council (NSC) launched the first Defensive Driving Course, adapted from techniques used by professional drivers in 1964. Since then, the NSC has trained more than 60 million drivers and today offers more than 25 different defensive driving and fleet safety courses. The NSC offers more courses with the highest success rate in reducing the number and severity of collisions and their related costs than any other driver training provider. 

Cold weather, especially when coupled with wet and/or windy conditions can cause hypothermia or frostbite. Extreme cold weather can make touching bare metal hazardous, and can freeze water pipes and sprinklers in the fire suppression system. Workers handling gasoline, kerosene, or similar liquids can develop immediate frostbite. Heating systems can malfunction or create noxious fumes in confined spaces. 

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