Sorbent-based microextractions

Whichever technique is used for extraction, an additional clean-up procedure is usually included prior to chromatographic analysis in order to minimize matrix effects caused by the presence of coextracted compounds. Sorbent-based (extraction and clean-up) techniques such as SPE [42,43], solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [44-46], matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) [47,48], and MIPs [49,50] are among the most conunonly used. SPE can be used as a direct extraction technique for liquid... 

Solid-Phase Microextraction Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a preconcentration technique based on the sorption of analytes present in a liquid phase or, more often, in a headspace gaseous phase, on a microbber coated with a chromatographic sorbent and incorporated in a microsyringe [15]. The analytes sorbed in the coating are transferred to a GC injector for thermal desorption. 

Magiera, S., Baranowska, I. A new and fast strategy based on semiautomatic microextraction by packed sorbent followed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of drugs and their metabolites in human urine. J. Sep. Sci. 37, 3314—3320 (2014)... 

Sample analysis based on sorption onto SPE sorbents followed by elution with organic solvent is the basis of the majority of SPE methods. However, the use of fibers to sorb organic compounds directly from solution was developed by Pawliszyn and co-workers (Arthur and Pawliszyn, 1990), and devices are commercially available from Supelco (see Chapter 12 for a description of the method). The adsorbed compounds may be directly desorbed into the GC without a solvent peak by simply heating the fiber in the inlet of the gas chromatograph. Solid-phase microextraction (SPHE) has mainly been used... 

Solid-phase extraction is also often used to remove interfering coextracted compounds. Solid-phase extraction columns contain either non-polar reversed-phase Cig sorbents or polar sorbents (such as alumina, aminopropyl acid, and propylsulfonic acid). Matrix solid-phase dispersion cleanup using reversed-phase Cig material has been also employed for the determination of oxohnic acid in catfish muscle.In-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) based on poly(methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (MAA-EGDMA) monolith coupled to high-preformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence detection (FED) was... 

AJJ. Anthemidis, K.I.G. loannou. Development of a sequential injection dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction system for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry by using a hydrophobic sorbent material determination of lead and cadmium in natural waters. Anal. Chim. Acta 668 (2010) 35—40. A.N. Anthemidis, K.I.G. loannou. Sequential injection dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on fatty alcohols and poly(etheretherketone)-mmings for metal determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, Talanta 84 (2011) 1215—1220. 

The stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) is a relatively new preconcentration and solventless extraction method that was Irrst described in 1999 by Baltussen et al. [211], and further developed. SBSE is based on the same principles than the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and relies in the partitioning of the analytes between a sample and a polymeric sorbent, followed by desorption of the analytes retained in the sorbent into an appropriate analytical system. 

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