Solvatochromic properties

Umezawa K, Citterio D, Suzuki K (2007) A squaraine-based near-infrared dye with bright fluorescence and solvatochromic property. Chem Lett 36 1424—1425... 

J.-F. Morin and M. Leclerc, Solvatochromic properties of 2,7-carbazole-based conjugated polymers, Macromolecules, 36 4624-4630, 2003. 

The solvatochromism of [Fe(phen)2(CN)2] and [Fe(phen)2(CN)2] has been discussed, with particular reference to solvent hydrogen-bond donor properties. Various solvation models have been applied to solvatochromism of [Fe(diimine)2(CN)2], and cormections between solvatochromism, electronic absorption spectra, and color perception parameters discussed in relation to [Fe(phen)2(CN)2]. Solvatochromic properties have been documented for [Fe(bipy)2(CN)2]>... 

Poly(methylsilylene-/>-phenylene)s carrying Si-linked benzocrown ether and ethoxy pendant groups 86 (parameters x and y are associated with the benzo crown vs. ethoxy ratio present in the polymer) showed ionochromic behavior, and responded selectively to alkali and alkaline earth metal ions in the emission spectra, depending on the crown ether ring size. These polymers also display solvatochromic properties by changing the solvent polarity in the absence of metal ions <2006OM2225>. 

The fluorescence lifetimes of the four natural DNA bases within the femtosecond range are too short to be useful as spectroscopic probes to characterize the solvation dynamics of DNA (31). The minor groove binder Hoechst 33258, the fluorescent adenine analog 2-Aminopurine (2Ap), and the base pair mimic coumarine 102-abasic site are better probes because they exhibit longer lifetimes and better solvatochromic properties. Of the two base pair analogs, the coumarine 102-abasic site base pair mimic disrupts the native DNA structure more than the adenine analog 2Ap. However, the spectroscopic characteristics of the former are superior to those of 2Ap for probing solvation dynamics. 

Sackett and Wolff83 measured the emission peaks of Nile Red in various polar solvents, ranging from 16260 cm-1 for acetone to 15040 cm-1 in water. A theoretical study of the absorption and emission solvatochromic properties of Nile Red (67) was presented recently by Han and coworkers84. The HB strength of the solvents around Nile Red was further studied by means of its fluorescence life time by Cser and coworkers85. A fourfold... 

Dey and Dogra96 studied the solvatochromic properties of 2-(aminophenyl)benzthiazole (79), with the amine group in positions 2, 3 or 4, in 12 solvents ranging from cyclohexane to water in polarity. The largest shift was found for the meta isomer from 26320 cnr1 for cyclohexane to 19880 cm-1 for water. The 2- and 4-isomers have a quinoid resonance form and smaller spectral shifts, the least being for the 2-isomer that has an internal hydrogen bond. 

In order to take into acconnt this ionic liqnid effect on the solvatochromic property (T) of the mixtures, the wave numbers of maximum absorptions of the solvatochromic indicators (A,iV-diethyl-4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroaniline and Reichardt s betaine dye) at different compositions of SI (alcohol) and S2 (IL) were fitted to the equations. 

Another interesting water-soluble polythiophene is 23 (L-POWT), bearing a chiral amino acid side chain, which was prepared by Inganas and coworkers69 by oxidative polymerization with FeCl3 (Figure 6.6). The chiroptical and solvatochromic properties of this optically active polymer are described later. 

The photo-, thermo- and solvatochromic properties of 2,3-dihydro-1 ,3 ,3 -trimethyl-6-nitrospiro[l-benzopyran-2,2 -17/-indole] (BSP) and its photo-induced merocyanine isomer (MC) were investigated in phosphonium based ILs by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and the kinetics and thermodynamics of the BSPMC equilibrium were found to be sensitive to the nature of the anion. For example, the MC Xmax shifted from 560 nm to 578 nm in solutions of [Me(C4H9)3P][tos] and [Ci4H29(C6Hi3)3P][dca], respectively. The BSP isomer was highly favoured at equilibrium in the ILs studied. 

F. Effenberger, F. WUrthner and F. Steybe, Synthesis and solvatochromic properties of donor-acceptor-substituted oligothiophenes, J. Org. Chem., 60, 2082-2091 (1995). 

M. Toba, Y. Takeoka and M. Rikukawa. Thermochromic and solvatochromic properties of polythiophene derivatives with liquid crystal moiety. Synth. Met. 135-136, 339-340 (2003). 

Isorhodanine (362) is convertible, by way of 5-anilinomethylene-isorhodanine, into a variety of quinomerocyanine dyes, e.g. (380) and (381). 4-Phenyliminothiazolidin-2-one, obtainable from isorhodanine by the action of aniline, gives rise to a comparable series of dyes. Their electronic spectra and solvatochromic properties were recorded and discussed. ... 

Within the present project, we have synthesized and tested [23] the hpophihc dye probe 4-dioctylamino-anthra-thiadiazol-l,2-dion (TDA), for the structure see Fig. 20.15. As a measure for the solvatochromic properties of the compoimd, the Stokes shift of various... 

Abstract The overwhelming progress and constant evolution of computational and theoretical methods in chemistry have provided us a more detailed molecular description of some complex molecular properties. Our group has intended to do so for an old problem the solvatochromic properties of halogens in aqueous systems. There are beautiful experiments that show how sensitive Br2 and CI2 are to the structure of the environment around them. In this chapter, we present the tests and calculations performed with different theoretical methods to identify their reliability as pieces of a multi-scale smdy aimed to address open questions related with this phenomenon. We used different approaches to explicidy take into account the solvent effect and tested several theoretical methods on the solvatochromic effect of small clusters. The combination of a semiempirical Bom-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics study (SEBOMD) of Br2 in liquid water solution using PM3-P1F and then, the evaluation of the effect the closest water molecules have on the shifts are presented. This is a first step towards a robust multi-scale protocol ad hoc designed for these systems. 

Han WG, Liu T, Himo F, Toutchkine A, Bashford D, Hahn KM, Noodleman L (2003) A theoretical study of the UV/visible absorption and emission solvatochromic properties of solvent-sensitive dyes. ChemPhysChem 4(10) 1084-1094. doi 10.1002/cphc.200300801... 

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