Solutions to Difficult Problems

What is defeat Nothing but education, nothing but the first step toward something better. 

When safety and loss prevention professionals are confronted with unique problems, the analysis process required to identify potential solutions can often be complex the first few times it is tried. Below is a sample procedure that can be used when addressing problems  

Identify all equipment, personnel, and other components necessary. Develop an action plan with a specific timetable for implementing the solution. Implement the solution. 

Evaluate, modify, or abandon the solution. Start all over if necessary. 

Safety and loss prevention professionals should not fear failure when trying new and creative ideas. Although the safety and health of employees must take top priority, safety and loss prevention professionals can often learn more from a failure than from a success. Not all creative solutions attempted will be successful on the first try. However, safety and loss prevention professionals should closely analyze any failures and utilize this information to build a bigger and better mouse trap for the next endeavor. 

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Secondly, EPA seeks a cooperative, informal relationship with industry. Solutions to difficult problems are easier to reach when people are working with each other, not in opposite directions. We will work hard not to bog industry down with unnecessary administrative and technical requirements. 

Because of the time and effort needed to develop immunoaffinity methodology (4 to 8 weeks typically needed to generate a purified antibody), immunoaffinity separations are usually reserved for the more difficult separation problems in analytical chemistry. The shortened time scale of drug discovery precludes their routine day-to-day use. The power of immunosepara-tions in combination with mass spectrometry could see wider use as clever solutions to difficult problems are needed. 

The quantum solution to this problem is much more difficult for a number of reasons. First, it is important to know how to define what we mean by a particle moving in a given direction when V(x) is constant. Secondly, one must detemime the probability that the particle is moving in any specified direction at any desired... 

Monte Carlo searching becomes more difficult for large molecules. This is because a small change in the middle of the molecule can result in a large displacement of the atoms at the ends of the molecule. One solution to this problem is to hold bond lengths and angles fixed, thus changing conformations only, and to use a small maximum displacement. 

Step 3. The set of fracture properties G(t) are related to the interfaee structure H(t) through suitable deformation mechanisms deduced from the micromechanics of fracture. This is the most difficult part of the problem but the analysis of the fracture process in situ can lead to valuable information on the microscopic deformation mechanisms. SEM, optical and XPS analysis of the fractured interface usually determine the mode of fracture (cohesive, adhesive or mixed) and details of the fracture micromechanics. However, considerable modeling may be required with entanglement and chain fracture mechanisms to realize useful solutions since most of the important events occur within the deformation zone before new fracture surfaces are created. We then obtain a solution to the problem. 

The variation in temperature across the top and bottom halves of the mold is a function of the press platen size, the flatness of the mold and platen surfaces at the two mold/platen interfaces, the mold construction, and the platen heating system. The larger the platen size, the more difficult it is to maintain a constant temperature across the platen. Therefore, one solution to the problem is to use a large number of molding presses with a relatively small platen size, for example, four presses with platens 355 x 355 mm will have approximately the same production capacity as one press with a 710 x 710 mm platen. In reality, for high-volume production, large presses are more economical from the cost point of view and the floor space required. 

Although rhodium recovery is efficient it is difficult to separate it from heavies that are formed in small amounts. Over time these heavies tend to result in some catalyst deactivation. One solution to this problem has been developed by Ruhrchemie/Rhone-Poulenc. In this process sulfonated triphenyl phosphine is used as the ligand, which imparts water solubility to the catalyst. The reaction is two-phase, a lower aqueous phase containing the catalyst and an upper organic phase. Fortunately the catalyst appears to sit at the interface enabling reaction to proceed efficiently. At the end of... 

These fundamental issues have not previously limited the scaling of transistors and represent a considerable challenge for the semiconductor industiy. There are currently no known solutions to these problems. To continue the performance trends of the past 20 years and maintain Moore s law of improvement will be the most difficult challenge the semiconductor industry has ever faced. 

We consider first methods that find only local solutions to nonconvex problems, as more difficult (and expensive) search procedures are required to find a global solution. Local methods are currently very... 

The reality of the situation is that the maximum discharge rate of gas occurs when the leak first occurs, with the discharge rate decreasing as a function of time as the pressure within the tank decreases. The complete dynamic solution to this problem is difficult, requiring a mass discharge model cross-coupled to a material balance on the contents of the tank. An equation of state (perhaps nonideal) is required to determine the tank pressure given the total mass. 

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