Solubility, detergents

Compatibility with many of the additives used to prevent protein interactions, and maintain sample stability and solubility (detergents, denaturants, and reductants, and protease inhibitors). 

This report describes the titration of monomolecular films of bovine serum albumin spread on supporting phases containing soluble detergents. The object was to compare the results of this study with those from titration studies of the pure protein, hoping that this comparison would permit a more detailed description of the nature of the binding sites of the complex. 

The phospholipid and detergent form mixed micelles, dominated by the detergent with its single chain of hydrocarbon the micelles are therefore small. Dialysis lowers the concentration of the water-soluble detergent, so that the micelles become dominated by the phospholipid, which, having... 

Is a water-soluble detergent and wetting agent. It is also used as an emulsifier in emulsion polymerization and as an emulsifying agent for fats, oils, and waxes. 

A wet method for the production of soluble detergents of up to 40 percent disilicate by the reaction of fine sand and caustic soda (3 to 50 percent) is as follows. 

Oil-soluble detergents are added to the oil at 0.02-0.2% by v eight to keep accumulating impurities dispersed in the oil. Various sulfonates or phe-nolates are used as their calcium or barium salts to confer oil solubility to the dispersant (e.g., CaXi where X is a sulfonate or phenolate ligand Eq. 18.40). 

Ester-based base oils have certain inherent properties such as good VI, and therefore no need of VI improver additives, additive solubility, detergency and disper-sancy, an affinity for metal surfaces, and are more biodegradable than mineral oils. 

The major commercial use of propylene oxide is as a comonomer for copolymerization. The block copolymerization with ethylene oxide produces water-soluble detergents. The copolymerization of propylene oxide with non-conjugated dienes produces sulfur-vulcanizable, oil-resistant elastomers that remain rubber-like at low temperatures. The elastomers obtained by the copolymerization of propylene oxide with allyl glycidyl ether have only poor oil resistance, but have good ozone resistance and remain rubberlike at low temperatures. 

Additives in diesel fuel are generally similar to gasoline, being nitrogenous, hydrocarbon-soluble detergents and dispersants. The less volatile nature of the matrix can complicate the concentration step, but otherwise the general approach is similar to that for gasoline additives. 

Adding a small amount of a water-soluble detergent may also help. This method has been used in the past for combating oil spills. The detergent helps to solubilize the tightly bound oil droplets. 

Mild water soluble detergents that possess both anionic and nonlonlc characteristics and will tolerate small amounts of cationic surfactants without interference. 

Water-soluble detergent, wetting agent and emulsifier. 

Water-soluble detergents and wetting agents especially effective for high-temperature applications. 

Alkyl phenol ethoxylates are popular and act as oil-soluble detergents, oil-in-water emulsifiers, wetting agents, and scouring agents. Nonyl phenol ethoxylates... 

---