Solid state culture

Enzyme extraction and purification steps The crude enzyme was extracted from the solid state culture with 100 ml of 0.33% toluene at 4°C. The enzyme was concentrated with 60-90% (NH4)2S04, then the dialysed enzyme... 

Enzyme Assay The crude enzyme was extracted from the solid state culture with 100 ml of 0.33% toluene at 4°C. The enzyme activity was assayed by the determination of substrate viscosity diminishing using Ostwald viscometer (5). The enzyme reaction was done at 37°C in 0.05 N acetate buffer pH 5.25. One unit of enzyme was defined as the amount of enzyme that could reduce the viscosity of 2% pectin by 50% in 10 min. 

Boer CG, Obici L, de Souza CGM, Peralta RM (2004) Decolorization of synthetic dyes by solid state cultures of Lentinula (Lentinus) edodes producing manganese peroxidase as the main ligninolytic enzyme. Bioresour Technol 94 107-112... 

Nam IH, Kim YM, Chang YS (2007) Decolorization of reactive dyes by a thermostable laccase produced by Ganoderma lucidum in solid state culture. Enzyme Microb Technol 40 1662-1672... 

Obata, H., Ishida, H., Hata, Y., Kawato, A., Abe, Y., Akao, T., and Ichishima, E. (2004) Cloning of a novel tyrosinase-encoding gene (melB) from Aspergillus oryzae and its overexpression in solid-state culture (rice-koji). J. Biosci. Bioeng., 97, 400-405. 

Narahara, H., Koyama, Y., Yoshida, T., Pichangkura, S., Ueda, R., and Taguchi, H. (1982). Growth and enzyme production in a solid-state culture of Aspergillus oryzae. J. Ferment. Technol., 60, 311-319. 

Sugano Y, Matsuo C, Shoda M (2001) Efficient production of a heterologous peroxidase, DyP from Geotrichum candidum Dec 1, on solid-state culture of Aspergillus oryzae RD005. J Biosci Bioeng 92 594-597... 

Castanares, A., and Wood, T. M., Purification and characterization of a feruloyl/p-coumaroyl esterase from solid-state cultures of the aerobic fungus Penicillium pinophilum. Biochem Soc Trans 1992, 20 (3), 275S. 

Castilho, L. R., Alves, T. L. M., and Medronho, R. A., Recovery of pectolytic enzymes produced by solid state culture of Aspergillus niger. Process Biochem 1999, 34 (2), 181-186. 

Vazquez, J. A., Gonzalez, M. P., and Murado, M. A. (2004). Murado Pediocin production by Pediococcus acidilactici in solid state culture on a waste medium. Process simulation and experimental results. Biotech. Bioeng. 85, 676-682. 

Pintado, ]., Lonsane, B.K., Gaime-Perraud, I., and Roussos, S. 1998. On-line monitoring of citric acid production in solid-state culture by respirometry. Process Biochemistry 33 513-518. 

The seeds for solid-state fermentation are prepared either by submerged culture or solid-state culture. Bran is an excellent medium for solid seed preparation. After the spores have matured, the solid seeds are harvested and mixed with the pre-sterilized medium for solid-state fermentation. The ratio between solid seeds and medium is around 1 20-50. 

Physical conditions shaken liquid culture, static liquid culture, solid state culture. 

Slant cul tu re Skalca Claak solid-state culture... 

Slant culture Shake flask solid-state culture Rotating drum fermenter... 

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