Soils, roadside

In roadside soils, lead was present in the more soluble forms such as PbCIBr and PbS04 from automobile emissions compared to soils near smelters or in mining sites (Adriano, 2001), which contained oxides, sulfides and carbonates (galena, anglesite and cerussite) with low solubility. However, after oxidation of sulfide into sulfate, the soils became very acidic, resulting in the increase in both solubility and bioavailability of the trace metals. 

Gish, C.D. and R.E. Christensen. 1973. Cadmium, nickel, lead and zinc in earthworms from roadside soil. Environ. Sci. Technol. 7 1060-1072. 

Roadside soils, Germany near road vs. site 5 m from 32 vs. 8 23... 

Because anthropogenic activities are the main sources of PAHs, the levels of PAHs in soils in urban areas are approximately 2-10 times higher than those in rural areas. An extensive and systematic survey has been undertaken by Tang et al. (2005) to evaluate the PAH contamination of urban soils in Beijing, China. Soil samples were collected from campuses of universities, schools and kindergartens, public squares, fallow land, and roadsides, and were analyzed for 16 PAHs by GC-MS. There was a high variability in the total PAHs (EPAHs) concentrations, ranging from less... 

Despite the low average consumption of pesticides, in the sporadic reports available, it could be seen that even the roadside dusts, rural and urban soils and the underwater sediments are contaminated. Many pesticides are degrading the Indian environment, even though faster dissipation and possible degradation of POPs chemicals like HCHs and DDTs were observed in Indian soils by the tropical climate of India (Pillai, 1986). Such a phenomenon of dissipation in the dry season was substantiated by Ramesh et al. (1991) in the river sediments (Fig. 9.2). Further, the relative flux of residues into the aquatic environment is smaller than the amount volatilized to the atmosphere in tropical countries like India (Tanabe et al., 1991). 

A recent study by Omar et al. (2002) showed that the total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in the atmospheric particles and roadside soil particles collected in Kuala Lumpur were 6.28 ng m-3 and 0.22 pg g-1, respectively. 

Omar, N.Y., Abas, M.R., Ketuly, K.A., Tahir, N.M., 2002. Concentrations of PAHs in atmospheric particulate (PM-10) and roadside soil particles collected in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Atmos. Environ. 36, 247-254. 

Analysis of variance (ANOVA and MANOVA) has been used to investigate the influence of location on forms of metals in roadside soil (Nowak, 1995). Multiple regression analysis has proved valuable in processing sequential extraction data to obtain information on plant availability of trace metals in soils (Qian et al, 1996 ... 

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