Soft plate

When a thick soft plate is immersed in a general electrolyte solution, the Donnan potential Tdon is given by setting the right-hand side of Eq. (4.6) (in which —d is replaced by —oo) to zero, that is, Tdon is given as a root of the following transcendental equation ... 

FIGURE 13.2 Schematic representation of the potential distribution ij/ x) across two parallel interacting ion-penetrable semi-inhnite membranes (soft plates) 1 and 2 at separation h. The potentials in the region far inside the membrane interior is practically equal to the Donnan potential i/ doni or i/ don2-... 

INTERACTION BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL DISSIMILAR SOFT PLATES... 

FIGURE 15.2 Interaction between two parallel soft plates 1 and 2 at separation h and the potential distribution i/r(x) across plates 1 and 2, which are covered with surface charge layers of thicknesses d and d2, respectively. 

Equation (15.31) follows from the symmetry of the system. The solution to Eqs. (15.24) and (15.25) subject to the boundary conditions (15.28)-(15.29) takes a comphcated form, involving numerical integration. Eor the case where > 1, soft plates can be approximated by porous membranes (see Chapter 13). In this case, the value of y h 2) can be calculated by solving the following coupled equations for two parallel porous membranes (see Eqs. (13.94) and (13.95)) ... 

Consider the limiting case of xdi 1 and xd2 1. In this case, soft plates and soft spheres become planar polyelectrolytes and spherical... 

As in the case of two interacting soft plates, when the thicknesses of the surface charge layers on soft spheres 1 and 2 are very large compared with the Debye length 1/k, the potential deep inside the surface charge layer is practically equal to the Donnan potential (Eqs. (15.51) and (15.52)), independent of the particle separation H. In contrast to the usual electrostatic interaction models assuming constant surface potential or constant surface... 

Electrostatic Repulsion Between Two Parallel Soft Plates After Their Contact... 

In view of its practical importance, it is surprising that there has been relatively little detailed study of this form of transfer, even to the extent of defining the rate of formation of a transfer film, or the effects of such factors as counterface material, hardness and surface finish. The general design assumptions tend to be based on the requirements for transfer from composites, namely a surface roughness of 0.2 fjm C.L.A., and the possible use of a soft plating or a chemical conversion coating on the counterface. 

Soft plate-like particles Nonabrasive low wear on equipment Barrier properties... 

The manifold is pressed against the nozzles by ceramic pads in a steel body, which improves heat insulation. The manifold is held in place with the aid of hardened plates set in the clamping plate, which prevents damage (gashing) of the soft plate during thermal expansion of the manifold. 

The very soft, plate-like crystals of LnBi2 appear to crystallize in a distorted version of the anti-Ti2Bi structure (Yoshihara et al., 1975). Triclinic unit cells have been proposed for these air-sensitive phases that decompose at about 900°C. Nomura et al. (1977) deduced an orthorhombic cell from single-crystal X-ray studies. 

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