Sodium-manganese- hydrate

A sodium-bearing hydrated manganese oxide of composition Na4Mni4027.9H20. A common constituent of black manganese oxide earths (wad, q.v. Ford, 2001), it is closely related to the mineral todorokite (q.v.). Identifications of this mineral in wad-based pigments may be forthcoming. 

EDA reacts readily with two moles of CS2 in aqueous sodium hydroxide to form the bis sodium dithiocarbamate. When aqueous ammonia and 2inc oxide (or manganese oxide or its hydrate) is used with a basic catalyst, the 2inc (or manganese) dithiocarbamate salt is isolated. Alternatively, the disodium salt can react with ZnSO or MnSO followed by dehydration in an organic solvent to yield the same salts (48—50). 

To a 125-mL Erlenmeyer flask containing a stirring bar is added 1.078 g (2.000 mmol) of tricarbonyl(hydrido)[l,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane] manganese in 60 mL of methylene chloride. To the stirred solution, 2.11 g (11.1 mmol) of solid p-toluenesulfonic acid hydrate is added in small increments. The theoretical quantity of dihydrogen is evolved in less than 10 min. The suspension is washed twice with equal volumes of water, then with dilute sodium bicarbonate solution, then with water again. The methylene chloride is evaporated to dryness and the product is crystallized from benzene methylene chloride (2 1) to give yellow crystals in 77% yield. 

After filtration, addition of sodium sulphide to the clear solution effects the precipitation of the three metals, cobalt, nickel, and manganese, as sulphides. Digestion with the calculated quantity of ferric chloride oxidises the manganese sulphide to sulphate, which passes into solution. The residue consists of cobalt and nickel sulphides, which are washed and converted into their soluble sulphates by roasting. The sulphates are extracted with water, and converted into chlorides by addition of calcium chloride solution. Their separation is effected g.s follows The requisite fraction of the chloride solution is precipitated with milk of lime, and the insoluble hydroxides of nickel and cobalt thus obtained are oxidised to the black hydroxides by treatment with chlorine. The. washed precipitate is then introduced into the remainder of the chloride solution, and the whole is well stirred and heated, when the black hydrated oxide of nickel passes, into solution, displacing tlm Remainder of. the cobalt from the solution, into. the precipitate.. The final product is thus a suspension of hydrated peroxide.of cobalt,in p. solution of nickel chloride, from which idle cobalt precipitate is removed by filtration, washed, and ignited, to the black oxide. 

Salt Solution Dissolve 20 g of magnesium sulfate hepta-hydrate, 1 g of sodium chloride, 1 g of ferrous sulfate heptahy-drate, and 1 g of manganese sulfate monohydrate in water, dilute with water to 1 L, add 10 drops of hydrochloric acid, and mix. 

Fig. 9. Sequential hydration energies in kj/mol of the singly charged alkali ions, lithium (open circles) and sodium (open diamonds), the alkaline earth, magnesium (open triangles), and two first row transition metal ions, manganese (solid triangles) and copper (closed circles). All data taken from Table 3...

Manganese Molybdate, MnMoO, is obtained in the anhydrous condition by fusing together sodium molybdate, manganous chloride, and sodium chloride. By treating normal or acid molybdate solutions vith manganous salts, the manganese molybdate may be separated in the hydrated condition. Several hydrates have been described, but the existence of the monohydrate only appears to be established. This is a white crj stalline powder. 

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