Sodium hypochlorite etch

The starting compound for all triazinylaminostilbenes is 4,4 -dinitrostilbene-2,2 -disulfonic acid [128-42-7], which is obtained by oxidizing 4-nitrotoluene-2-sulfonic acid with aqueous sodium hypochlorite in the presence of sodium hydroxide or, more recently, by atmospheric oxidation in an aqueous ammoniacal medium [39], The Bechamps reduction using iron filings etched with hydrochloric acid yields 4,4 -diaminostilbene-2,2 -disulfonic acid [81-11-8] (DAS). 

Structure of the Oxidized Graphite. The oxidizing treatment with sodium hypochlorite produces two effects on the structure of graphite namely (i) etching of the microcrystals resulting in an increase of the number of steps (li) functionalization of the steps i.e. creation of carboxylic and other acidic groups at the extremities of basal planes. 

For applications involving filtration or dialysis, polyimide probes with integrated nanoporous filtration areas feature a membrane with submicron-sized pores [64]. The pores are created by irradiation with uranium or xenon ions to create ion tracks. These tracks are chemically etched in sodium hypochlorite and chlorine to produce a porous membrane. 

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